A teenager admits to you that he has been smoking marijuana. The nurse knows that marijuana is a(n):

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Cannabinol. Marijuana is a psychotropic drug derived from the cannabis plant and contains cannabinoids, with the main active ingredient being delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Cannabinol is a metabolite of THC and is found in trace amounts in marijuana, which is why it is classified as a cannabinoid. Option B) Amphetamine is incorrect because amphetamines are a separate class of stimulant drugs that have different effects on the central nervous system compared to marijuana. Option C) Hallucinogen is incorrect because while some individuals may experience mild hallucinogenic effects with marijuana use, it is not primarily classified as a hallucinogen. Hallucinogens like LSD and psilocybin have distinct mechanisms of action and effects. Option D) Narcotic is incorrect because narcotics typically refer to opioids, which are a different class of drugs that act on opioid receptors in the body to produce pain relief and other effects, distinct from the effects of marijuana. In an educational context, understanding the classification of drugs is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide accurate information to patients, make informed decisions regarding treatment and interventions, and ensure patient safety. Educating individuals, especially teenagers, about the specific effects and classifications of drugs like marijuana can help prevent misuse and promote informed decision-making regarding substance use.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Organic disorders (e.g., hypoxia, dementia) often cause violence more than psychiatric ones in hospitals. Triage category 2 is appropriate for violent patients (urgent risk). Agitation predicts aggression. Legal chemical restraint can occur despite patient refusal if they pose imminent harm, making E false.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this context, the correct answer is B) suicide is the leading cause of death under 30 years of age in Australia. This statement is false because suicide is not the leading cause of death in this age group in Australia; rather, it is accidents or unintentional injuries. Option A is incorrect because the most common methods of suicide in Australia do include hanging, firearms, and CO poisoning. Option C is incorrect because suicide is indeed more prevalent in males, but being single and unemployed are not definitive factors. Option D is incorrect as there is not always a pre-existing psychiatric illness in individuals who die by suicide. From an educational standpoint, understanding the false statement in this question is crucial for healthcare professionals dealing with psychobiological disorders. It highlights the need for accurate knowledge when assessing and managing individuals at risk for suicide. This rationale emphasizes the importance of dispelling myths and misconceptions surrounding suicide to provide appropriate support and intervention.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the DSM-IV classification system, Axis IV is designated for psychosocial and environmental factors contributing to the disorder, not specific disorders themselves. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as Borderline Personality Disorder is a clinical syndrome falling under Axis II. Option A is correct as Axis I does indeed describe the clinical syndrome of mental disorders. Option B is also accurate as Axis V does pertain to the global assessment of functioning. However, option C is incorrect as the classification of physical injuries like a lacerated wrist would not fall under any of the DSM-IV axes, making it an inappropriate example for Axis III. In an educational context, understanding the DSM-IV classification system is crucial for mental health professionals to accurately diagnose and treat patients. By knowing the correct allocation of disorders to each axis, clinicians can develop comprehensive treatment plans that address not only the clinical symptoms but also the broader psychosocial and environmental factors impacting the individual's mental health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of psychobiological disorders, understanding the risk factors for suicide is crucial for effective assessment and intervention. In this question, the correct answer is D) Age between 19 and 65 years. This is because individuals in this age range are actually at a higher risk for suicide compared to other age groups. A) Male gender is a well-known risk factor for suicide, as males are more likely to die by suicide than females. B) Being divorced is also a significant risk factor for suicide, as individuals experiencing relationship breakdowns are more vulnerable. C) Excessive drug use is linked to an increased risk of suicide due to its impact on mental health and decision-making processes. Educationally, it is important for learners to grasp the nuances of suicide risk factors to conduct thorough assessments and implement appropriate interventions. Understanding that age can be a significant factor in suicide risk allows healthcare professionals to tailor their approach based on individual characteristics and vulnerabilities. By recognizing and addressing these risk factors, clinicians can better support individuals with psychobiological disorders and reduce the likelihood of suicide.