A teenage bicycle rider is hit by a truck. The first step in managing this patient is:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because in a trauma situation involving a bicycle rider hit by a truck, airway management is crucial. Endotracheal intubation and ventilation ensure adequate oxygenation and ventilation, which is essential for the patient's survival. This step takes priority over other interventions like obtaining a cervical spine x-ray (A), inserting a central venous pressure line (B), or administering crystalloid solution (C). These interventions may be necessary later in the management of the patient but ensuring a secure airway and adequate breathing is the immediate priority to prevent further deterioration and improve outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Cerebral edema increases intracranial pressure. Hypercarbia causes cerebral vasodilatation, worsening edema and increasing intracranial pressure. This can lead to further brain damage and neurological deterioration. Therefore, avoiding hypercarbia is crucial in managing cerebral edema. Summary: A: Metabolic acidosis is not directly related to hypercarbia in this context. B: Respiratory acidosis can occur with hypercarbia but is not the primary concern in cerebral edema. D: Neurogenic pulmonary edema is a potential complication of cerebral edema but is not directly caused by hypercarbia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because in a patient with altered consciousness and head trauma, CT scanning is crucial to assess for any intracranial injuries that may require immediate intervention. This helps in guiding further management and determining the severity of the head injury. Option A is incorrect as hyperoxia is actually beneficial in traumatic brain injury. Option C is premature without a proper assessment. Option D is not definitive based solely on the GCS score.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because hypertension following a head injury may indicate imminent herniation from critically high intracranial pressure. This is a medical emergency as increased blood pressure can lead to further brain damage and potential herniation. Treating the hypertension is crucial to prevent further complications. Choice A is incorrect as treating hypertension in this case is not primarily aimed at reducing intracranial pressure, but rather preventing herniation. Choice B is incorrect as it does not address the acute situation of hypertension post-head injury. Choice D is incorrect as mannitol administration may not always be the first-line treatment for hypertension in this context.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Keeping all resident information confidential. This is an essential aspect of professional behavior in healthcare to protect the privacy and dignity of residents. Sharing confidential information breaches trust and violates ethical standards. Option B is inappropriate as it can lead to unprofessional conduct and breaches confidentiality. Option C can create favoritism and compromise the nurse's objectivity. Option D blurs professional boundaries and may put the resident in an uncomfortable position. Thus, maintaining confidentiality is crucial for nursing assistants to uphold professionalism and respect residents' rights.