A technique in physical assessment that is used to assess the movement of air through the tracheobronchial tree.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Auscultation. In the context of assessing the movement of air through the tracheobronchial tree, auscultation is the technique used to listen to the sounds produced by the body. Specifically, in this case, auscultation involves listening to the airflow in the tracheobronchial tree using a stethoscope. By listening to these sounds, healthcare providers can gather important information about the functioning of the respiratory system. Option A) Palpation involves using touch to feel for abnormalities or changes in the body, such as feeling for lumps or tenderness. While palpation is a valuable physical assessment technique, it is not the appropriate method for assessing air movement in the tracheobronchial tree. Option C) Inspection involves visually examining the body for any physical signs or abnormalities. While inspection is important in physical assessment, it does not directly assess air movement in the tracheobronchial tree. Option D) Percussion involves tapping on the body to listen for sounds that indicate the presence of air, fluid, or solid structures within the underlying tissues. While percussion is useful in assessing different body structures, it is not the primary technique used to assess air movement in the tracheobronchial tree. Understanding the correct physical assessment techniques is crucial for healthcare providers, especially when caring for cancer patients. Proper assessment techniques can help in early detection of respiratory issues or complications, which are common in cancer patients. By utilizing auscultation in this scenario, healthcare providers can effectively monitor the respiratory status of cancer patients and provide timely interventions when needed.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Reviewing the patient 1 month after discharge from the acute hospital. This option is the least effective for the execution of good transitional care for complex patients because transitional care requires timely interventions and continuity of care to ensure patient safety and well-being. Waiting for a month to review the patient's status post-discharge can lead to potential complications or missed opportunities for early intervention. Option A) Communication between the inpatient nurse and home nursing foundation is essential for seamless care coordination and information sharing between different healthcare settings, promoting continuity of care and patient safety. Option C) Assessing the patient's knowledge of their medication dosages is crucial for medication adherence and preventing medication errors during the transition from hospital to home care. Option D) Reviewing and consolidating post-discharge follow-up is important for ensuring that the patient receives appropriate ongoing care and support after leaving the hospital, which is vital for their recovery and overall well-being. In an educational context, understanding the importance of transitional care for complex patients is crucial for healthcare professionals. Early intervention, effective communication, medication management, and follow-up care are key components of transitional care that can significantly impact patient outcomes. By recognizing the significance of timely interventions and continuity of care, healthcare providers can improve the quality of care and patient experience during care transitions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Care of the immobile child includes efforts to prevent complications of muscle atrophy, contractures, skin breakdown, decreased metabolism and bone demineralization. Secondary alterations also occur in the cardiovascular, respiratory and renal systems. Similar effects and alterations occur in adults.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to administer cefazolin to the 67-year-old man with a history of a rash from penicillin. The rationale behind this is that a rash from penicillin typically indicates a mild allergic reaction, and the cross-reactivity between penicillin and cephalosporins like cefazolin is very low (less than 1-2%). Therefore, it is safe to administer cefazolin in this scenario to prevent any potential infections during the surgical procedure. Option B, administering hydrocortisone followed by cefazolin, is not necessary in this case as the patient's history suggests a mild reaction to penicillin, and administering cefazolin alone is sufficient. Option C, administering vancomycin instead of cefazolin, is not the best choice because vancomycin is not the first-line antibiotic for surgical prophylaxis in this scenario. Cefazolin is the preferred choice due to its effectiveness against the common pathogens encountered during orthopedic surgeries. Option D, administering clindamycin, is also not the best choice as it is not the recommended first-line antibiotic for surgical prophylaxis in this situation. Cefazolin is the standard of care for most orthopedic surgical procedures due to its efficacy and safety profile. In an educational context, understanding the principles of antibiotic selection based on patient history, allergy profiles, and surgical procedures is crucial for healthcare providers to ensure optimal patient outcomes and prevent complications such as surgical site infections. This case highlights the importance of considering individual patient factors when making antibiotic choices in clinical practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) 45 mmHg. When a normal adult breathes 100% oxygen for 10 minutes, the arterial oxygen tension will increase significantly. However, the mixed venous oxygen tension (PvO2) will only rise minimally due to the high tissue extraction of oxygen. In a healthy individual, the normal PvO2 is around 40-45 mmHg, so breathing 100% oxygen for a short period will not significantly alter this value. Option B) 95 mmHg is incorrect because this value is higher than the expected PvO2 in a normal adult, even after breathing 100% oxygen. Option C) 150 mmHg and Option D) 200 mmHg are also incorrect as these values are significantly higher than normal PvO2 levels and would not be expected even after breathing 100% oxygen. Understanding the expected changes in oxygen tensions with 100% oxygen supplementation is crucial in clinical settings, especially in caring for patients with conditions like cancer where oxygenation status is vital. This knowledge helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about oxygen therapy and monitor patients effectively to ensure optimal oxygen delivery to tissues.