ATI RN
Fundamentals of Nursing Oxygenation Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A surgical incision into the trachea to aerate the lungs is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: a tracheostomy. This procedure involves making an incision into the trachea to create a direct airway access for breathing. Tracheostomy is used in cases of upper airway obstruction or long-term mechanical ventilation. Endotracheal suctioning (choice B) is a procedure to remove secretions from the trachea using a catheter. Bronchial suctioning (choice C) is similar but targets secretions in the bronchi, not the trachea. Choice D, a cannula, is a hollow tube used to deliver fluids or medication, not for aerating the lungs directly. Tracheostomy is the correct choice as it specifically involves creating an opening in the trachea for ventilation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is discussing ventilation and perfusion with a newly licensed nurse. The nurse should include in the discussion that the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs at which of the following locations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alveoli. Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place during respiration. Oxygen from the air we breathe diffuses into the blood in the capillaries surrounding the alveoli, while carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the alveoli to be exhaled. The trachea (A) is a passageway for air, the diaphragm (C) is a muscle involved in breathing, and the bronchial tubes (D) are airways leading to the lungs, but the actual gas exchange occurs in the alveoli.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client receiving supplemental oxygen. The nurse notes that the client's oxygen saturation is 88%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess the client for signs of respiratory distress. This is the first action the nurse should take because an oxygen saturation of 88% indicates hypoxemia, which can lead to respiratory distress. By assessing the client, the nurse can determine if the client is in immediate need of intervention. Increasing oxygen flow rate (A) may be necessary, but assessing the client's condition comes first. Notifying the provider (C) can be done after assessing the client's immediate needs. Administering a bronchodilator (D) may be indicated if respiratory distress is due to bronchoconstriction, but assessing the client's overall condition is the priority.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with acute bronchitis. Which instruction is most important for preventing complications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Drink at least 8 glasses of water daily. Adequate hydration helps thin mucus, making it easier to expel and reducing the risk of complications like pneumonia. Humidifiers can actually worsen bronchitis by promoting mold growth. Light exercise can help with lung function, but hydration is more crucial. Cough suppressants may hinder mucus clearance, leading to further complications.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with chronic bronchitis. Which finding is most concerning?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxygen saturation of 88%. This finding is most concerning because it indicates hypoxemia, which can lead to serious complications in a client with chronic bronchitis. Hypoxemia can result in tissue damage and impaired organ function. A low oxygen saturation level requires immediate intervention to prevent further deterioration. Choice A (Productive cough with thick sputum) is a common symptom of chronic bronchitis and may indicate an exacerbation, but it is not as immediately concerning as hypoxemia. Choice B (Clubbing of fingers) is a late sign of chronic hypoxemia and may be present in clients with chronic bronchitis, but it is not as urgent as a low oxygen saturation level. Choice C (Peripheral cyanosis) is also a sign of hypoxemia, but oxygen saturation level provides a more accurate assessment of the client's oxygenation status.