ATI RN
Pharmacology Assessment 1 ATI Capstone Questions
Question 1 of 5
A student nurse was asked by the nurse instructor to explain the procedure for the administration of erythromycin ointment to the eyes of the newborn. Which of the following statements made by the student indicates a need for further research?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Flushing the newborn's eyes after instilling erythromycin ointment is incorrect because it would remove the medication, rendering it ineffective. The ointment is applied to the conjunctival sacs to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum, a bacterial infection that can occur during delivery. Cleaning the eyes before administration and applying the ointment within an hour after delivery are correct steps. Therefore, the statement about flushing the eyes indicates a need for further education.
Question 2 of 5
The drug that will most likely be used for treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sildenafil (Viagra), a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, treats erectile dysfunction (ED) by enhancing penile blood flow, a first-line therapy. Leuprolide suppresses testosterone for prostate cancer, worsening ED. Finasteride and tamsulosin, for BPH, don't target ED and may cause it. Sildenafil's vascular action offers rapid efficacy, making it the go-to choice.
Question 3 of 5
The following inhibit at least one of the hepatic CYP450 isoenzymes:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A enzymes, affecting the metabolism of several drugs and potentially leading to increased plasma concentrations.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is the priority nursing diagnosis for a client undergoing chemotherapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a client is undergoing chemotherapy, the priority nursing diagnosis would be related to potential complications from the treatment. Decreased cardiac output is a critical concern because certain chemotherapy drugs can have cardiotoxic effects, leading to reduced heart function. Monitoring and addressing any changes in cardiac output are vital for the overall well-being of the client during chemotherapy. While the other options may also be relevant, such as managing fear, anxiety, and altered nutrition, decreased cardiac output takes precedence due to its immediate impact on the client's cardiovascular health.
Question 5 of 5
The patient and his wife receive the same medication for hypertension. The patient's wife asks the nurse why she is receiving a higher amount of the medication. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Individual variation-metabolism, weight, genetics-dictates dose differences, a pharmacokinetic truth explaining her higher amount. Female metabolism isn't universally higher. Hormones affect response, but not broadly dose. Body fat impacts distribution, not directly dose here. Uniqueness covers all factors, reassuring and accurate.