A student nurse was asked by the nurse instructor to explain the procedure for the administration of erythromycin ointment to the eyes of the newborn. Which of the following statements made by the student indicates a need for further research?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Flushing the newborn's eyes after instilling erythromycin ointment is incorrect because it would remove the medication, rendering it ineffective. The ointment is applied to the conjunctival sacs to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum, a bacterial infection that can occur during delivery. Cleaning the eyes before administration and applying the ointment within an hour after delivery are correct steps. Therefore, the statement about flushing the eyes indicates a need for further education.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pancuronium is primarily renally eliminated, a true statement, prolonged in kidney failure. Rocuronium, a steroidal agent, not isoquinolone (like atracurium), is false. Rocuronium is hepatically metabolized, not via Hofmann elimination (atracurium does), so that's false. Vecuronium is mostly biliary excreted, not renal, making that false. Atracurium uses plasma esterases and Hofmann elimination, not pseudocholinesterases alone. Pancuronium's renal clearance is critical for surgical planning, especially in renal patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sildenafil (Viagra), a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, treats erectile dysfunction (ED) by enhancing penile blood flow, a first-line therapy. Leuprolide suppresses testosterone for prostate cancer, worsening ED. Finasteride and tamsulosin, for BPH, don't target ED and may cause it. Sildenafil's vascular action offers rapid efficacy, making it the go-to choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Individual variation-metabolism, weight, genetics-dictates dose differences, a pharmacokinetic truth explaining her higher amount. Female metabolism isn't universally higher. Hormones affect response, but not broadly dose. Body fat impacts distribution, not directly dose here. Uniqueness covers all factors, reassuring and accurate.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Benzodiazepines are the most effective. Benzodiazepines are often the drug of choice for managing anxiety and insomnia because they act quickly to relieve symptoms by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which produces a calming effect. This mechanism of action makes benzodiazepines highly effective in providing rapid relief for acute symptoms of anxiety and insomnia. Option B) Benzodiazepines have the lowest risk of dependency and tolerance is incorrect because benzodiazepines are actually known to have a high potential for dependence and tolerance with long-term use, which can lead to withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation. Option C) Benzodiazepines are most likely to be covered under insurance premiums is incorrect because insurance coverage can vary widely and is not a determining factor in selecting benzodiazepines for anxiety and insomnia management. Option D) Benzodiazepines are the most affordable is incorrect as the cost of benzodiazepines can vary and affordability is not the primary reason for their use in managing anxiety and insomnia. In an educational context, it is important for students to understand the rationale behind the choice of benzodiazepines for anxiety and insomnia management, emphasizing their mechanism of action and effectiveness in providing symptomatic relief. It is also crucial for students to be aware of the potential risks associated with benzodiazepine use, such as dependence and tolerance, to make informed decisions when selecting pharmacological treatments for anxiety and insomnia.