A student asks the school nurse how acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is diagnosed. Which answer is correct?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because antibodies to HIV are typically detected in the blood within 6 weeks to 3 months after infection, indicating exposure to the virus. This seroconversion period is when the body starts producing antibodies to fight the HIV virus. The presence of these antibodies in the blood is a key indicator of HIV infection, leading to a diagnosis of AIDS. Choice A is incorrect because a negative ELISA result does not diagnose AIDS, as it only indicates the absence of HIV antibodies. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific peak level of HIV antibodies required for diagnosis. Choice D is incorrect because a positive ELISA result alone is not sufficient to diagnose AIDS; clinical signs and symptoms must also be present.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it provides inaccurate information regarding the permit requirement based on the number of employees. This statement shows a lack of understanding of environmental regulations. Employing fewer than 20 employees does not automatically exempt a facility from obtaining a permit for environmental compliance. Choice B is incorrect because it accurately describes the purpose of permitting in pollution control. Choice C is incorrect as it simply explains the standard process for obtaining a permit, which is not a cause for concern. Choice D is also incorrect as it outlines a standard requirement for submitting an application, which is necessary for obtaining a permit.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it directly defines environmental health as the study of the impact of external factors on human health. Physical, chemical, and biological elements in the environment can influence health outcomes. Choice A focuses on disease causation, not the broader scope of environmental health. Choice B discusses disease surveillance, not the study of environmental factors. Choice D emphasizes achieving health goals, not the study of environmental factors. Therefore, choice C is the most accurate definition of environmental health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because reassurance to the family that the child's behaviors are normal reactions to trauma is crucial. This approach validates the child's feelings and provides support. Choice A is incorrect as it may shame the child for their coping mechanisms. Choice C is unnecessary and may not be indicated unless the child's mental health is severely impacted. Choice D is premature as it suggests a specific treatment without first addressing the underlying emotional needs of the child.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Disaster Recovery. During the disaster recovery phase, activities aim to rebuild to predisaster or near-predisaster conditions and focus on enhancing community safety to reduce the risk of a recurrence of the disaster. This phase involves restoring infrastructure, services, and livelihoods while implementing measures to mitigate future disasters. Choice A (Disaster Vulnerability) is incorrect because this phase focuses on assessing the vulnerabilities of a community to potential disasters. Choice B (Disaster Preparedness) is incorrect as it involves planning and readiness activities before a disaster occurs to minimize its impact. Choice D (Disaster Response) is incorrect as it deals with immediate actions taken during and immediately after a disaster to save lives, protect property, and meet basic needs.