A stroke patient with cerebral edema presents to your clinic complaining from pain in his joints with apparent redness and swelling. You diagnose the patient with arthritis and decide to put him on a long term anti-inflammatory therapy. Which of the following drugs is best used in such a case?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dexamethasone. This is a glucocorticoid with potent anti-inflammatory properties, making it effective for managing arthritis in a stroke patient with cerebral edema. Dexamethasone suppresses inflammation by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators. A: Hydrocortisone is a less potent corticosteroid compared to dexamethasone, making it less effective for long-term anti-inflammatory therapy in this case. B: Budesonide is primarily used for treating inflammatory bowel disease and asthma, not arthritis. C: Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer but does not have significant anti-inflammatory effects like corticosteroids.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Troglitazone. Troglitazone is known to induce hepatic injury due to its potential to cause liver toxicity. Troglitazone was withdrawn from the market due to its severe hepatotoxic effects. Ciglitazone, Pioglitazone, and Rosiglitazone are other thiazolidinediones, but they are not as strongly associated with liver injury as Troglitazone.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: epididymis. Sperm maturation occurs in the epididymis, a coiled tube located on the testes where sperm gains motility and fertilization capacity. The seminiferous tubules produce sperm, but maturation occurs in the epididymis. The vas deferens is a duct that transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra, where it is ejaculated. The urethra is not involved in sperm maturation but serves as a passageway for sperm and urine. Therefore, the epididymis is the correct choice for sperm maturation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 28 days. The average menstrual cycle typically lasts around 28 days, starting from the first day of one period to the first day of the next. This duration allows for the completion of the hormonal changes and phases involved in the menstrual cycle, including menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with the typical duration of a menstrual cycle and may not provide sufficient time for these hormonal processes to occur properly.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: L-dopa. L-dopa is the most effective drug for Parkinson's disease as it is a precursor to dopamine, which helps alleviate symptoms. Benztropine (B) is an anticholinergic drug used for tremors, not as effective as L-dopa. Bromocriptine (C) is a dopamine agonist, less effective than L-dopa. Haloperidol (D) is an antipsychotic and not used as a first-line treatment for Parkinson's.