A specific nursing unit practices functional nursing. What was the basis for this concept?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Functional nursing is a care delivery model where tasks are divided among different team members based on their skills and expertise. The correct answer, "D) industrial assembly line," is based on the concept that functional nursing operates similarly to an assembly line in a factory, with each team member performing a specific task in a sequential manner to provide care efficiently. Option A, "individual patient care," is incorrect because functional nursing focuses on task-oriented care rather than individualized patient-centered care. Option B, "primary nursing," is incorrect as primary nursing involves a dedicated nurse who is responsible for the overall care of a specific group of patients, which is different from the task-based approach of functional nursing. Option C, "case management," is also incorrect as case management involves coordinating care across different disciplines to achieve optimal patient outcomes, which is different from the task division in functional nursing. In an educational context, understanding different care delivery models like functional nursing is crucial for nursing students to grasp how care is organized and delivered in various healthcare settings. By learning about functional nursing and its basis in an industrial assembly line approach, students can appreciate the importance of effective task delegation and coordination in providing efficient and quality care to patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In healthcare settings, preventing falls is crucial to ensure patient safety. Option D, locking wheels on beds and wheelchairs, is the appropriate fall-prevention intervention. By securing the wheels, the mobility of the furniture is limited, reducing the risk of accidental movement and subsequent falls. This intervention promotes a safe environment for patients, especially those with mobility issues or who are at risk of falls. Options A and B are incorrect as keeping the bed in a high position or keeping side rails up at all times can actually increase the risk of falls. A high bed position can lead to a greater fall impact if a patient rolls out of bed, while side rails can give a false sense of security and may even contribute to entrapment or attempts to climb over them. Option C, applying restraints to confused patients, is also an inappropriate intervention. Restraints should only be used as a last resort due to the associated risks such as pressure injuries, decreased mobility, and psychological distress. Using restraints does not address the underlying causes of confusion and may not prevent falls effectively. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of evidence-based fall prevention strategies in healthcare. It emphasizes the need for critical thinking and understanding of best practices to ensure patient safety. Nurses must be knowledgeable about safe interventions to prevent falls and be able to differentiate between appropriate and inappropriate measures to provide high-quality care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Patients and their family members. Health care providers typically refer to individuals who have received formal education and training in medical and healthcare fields, such as undergraduate and postgraduate medical students, nursing staff, and lab technicians. Patients and their family members, while essential members of the healthcare team, do not fall under the category of healthcare providers in the traditional sense. Undergraduate medical students are individuals pursuing their medical degree and are considered part of the future healthcare workforce. Nursing staff and lab technicians are essential members of the healthcare team who directly provide patient care and support medical procedures. Postgraduate medical students have completed their medical degree and are undergoing further specialized training in a specific area of medicine. In an educational context, understanding the roles and responsibilities of different healthcare providers is crucial for effective teamwork, communication, and patient care. Recognizing the distinction between healthcare providers and patients/family members helps maintain clarity in roles and ensures appropriate care delivery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C) flexibility. Flexibility refers to the ability to adapt to new, changing, or unexpected circumstances. Dr. Nader's response to the fire in the nearby store demonstrates flexibility as he quickly shifted from his duties in the ward to taking action in response to the emergency situation. Option A) creativity is not the best choice in this context as creativity typically involves generating new ideas or solutions, rather than responding to an immediate crisis like a fire. Option B) distractibility suggests being easily diverted or losing focus, which does not align with Dr. Nader's focused and purposeful actions. Option D) imagination involves the ability to visualize or create mental images, which is not the primary skill demonstrated in this situation. In an educational context, understanding the importance of flexibility in real-world scenarios is crucial. This scenario highlights the need for individuals, especially healthcare professionals like Dr. Nader, to be able to adapt quickly and effectively in emergency situations. Teaching and reinforcing the value of flexibility can help students develop the necessary skills to respond appropriately in unpredictable or high-pressure situations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) hazardous attitude. Mahy's action of performing a procedure on a patient for the first time without supervision reflects a hazardous attitude towards patient care. This behavior is risky and can potentially harm the patient due to lack of experience and guidance. Option A) Cultural variation is incorrect because the situation does not involve cultural differences. Option C) hindsight bias does not apply here as Mahy's action was not influenced by previous knowledge. Option D) Routine violation is incorrect as Mahy's action was more about lack of supervision and inexperience rather than a routine violation. Educationally, this scenario highlights the importance of proper supervision, guidance, and experience in healthcare settings. It emphasizes the need for healthcare professionals, especially students, to always seek supervision and guidance when performing procedures or interventions for the first time to ensure patient safety and quality care. It also underscores the significance of recognizing and correcting hazardous attitudes in medical practice.