ATI RN
Epidemiology NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A specific case definition is one that: (Choose one wrong answer)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Specific definitions target true cases (A) and may exclude mild ones (D). 'Loose' (B) applies to sensitivity.
Question 2 of 5
Evaluating and improving surveillance should address which of the following? (Choose one wrong answer)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Evaluation includes purpose (A), resources (B), and quality (D). Control effectiveness (C) is separate.
Question 3 of 5
A case of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was diagnosed immediately on signs of illness at a tourist site in China. Which action should be taken to protect the badly needed income from tourist dollars?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Quarantine is an enforced isolation or restriction of movement of those who have been exposed to an infectious agent during the incubation period; this is another method of controlling the reservoir. Quarantine was used effectively during the outbreak of SARS in 2003, when some hospitals required that their staff exposed to SARS patients remain at the hospital until proved to be symptom free at the end of the incubation period. Immunization and screening would not protect the population from exposure to this infectious disease. It is likely that others besides tourists could be exposed or infected by this disease, thus, closing airports would be ineffective in controlling the spread of the disease.
Question 4 of 5
Two brothers played with their cousin. One brother later became quite ill, whereas the other did not. Which provides the best explanation for this occurrence?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assuming the two brothers lived in the same household, the environment and the agent or infectious organisms are the same. The only difference could be between the two brothers themselves and their genetic inheritance.
Question 5 of 5
Which best describes a model that demonstrates the progression of disease from prepathogenesis through disease outcome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The natural history of disease model explains disease from prepathogenesis through resolution of the disease process. The epidemiological model involves the epidemiological triangle: agent, host, and environment. The ecosocial model emphasizes the role of evolving macro-level socioenvironmental factors to understand health and illness. The wheel model subscribes to multiple-causation rather than single-causation disease theory, and is more useful in analyzing complex chronic conditions and identifying factors that are amendable to intervention.