ATI RN
Nervous System Multiple Choice Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A space along a myelinated axon between the individual Schwann cells that form the myelin sheath and the neurolemma. Also called a node of Ranvier.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Myelin sheath gaps (nodes of Ranvier) are spaces between Schwann cells on myelinated axons, enabling saltatory conduction. Gray matter is cell bodies, cranial nerves are PNS, and neuropathy is a disorder.
Question 2 of 5
The part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary responses, such as those of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates involuntary functions (e.g., heart rate, digestion). Nerve action potential is a signal, astrocytes are glia, and enteric is an ANS subdivision.
Question 3 of 5
An electrical signal that propagates along the membrane of a neuron or muscle fiber; a rapid change in membrane potential that involves a depolarization followed by a repolarization.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An action potential (AP) is the electrical signal (depolarization-repolarization) in neurons or muscles. Nerve and muscle action potentials are specific types, and synaptic potential is graded.
Question 4 of 5
One of the two main subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system; prepares the body for intense physical activity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for fight-or-flight (intense activity). Parasympathetic conserves energy, ANS is broader, and enteric controls digestion.
Question 5 of 5
Degeneration of the portion of the axon and myelin sheath of a neuron distal to the site of injury.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wallerian degeneration is the breakdown of the axon and myelin distal to an injury in the PNS. Astrocytes are glia, motor neurons are cells, and action potentials are signals.