ATI RN
ATI Intro to Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A side e昀昀ect given o昀昀 by omeprazole is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor commonly used to reduce stomach acid production. One of the side effects of omeprazole is a change in stomach pH. By inhibiting the proton pumps in the stomach lining, omeprazole reduces the production of acid, leading to an increase in the pH level of the stomach. This change in stomach pH can affect the overall balance of acidity in the stomach and may result in various gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, gas, or changes in digestion. It is important for individuals taking omeprazole to be aware of this potential side effect and consult their healthcare provider if they experience any unusual symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A 42-year-old woman with a 1-year history of rheumatoid arthritis comes to see her primary care physician complaining of worsening symptoms. She has been taking leflunomide. IL-1 and TNF-α are two key cytokines involved in the negative sequelae of rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following drugs is a recombinant form of an endogenous IL-1 antagonist?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: RA involves IL-1 and TNF-α driving inflammation. The question seeks a recombinant IL-1 antagonist. Abatacept inhibits T-cell costimulation, not IL-1. Anakinra , a recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), blocks IL-1 signaling, matching the description. Methotrexate slows cell proliferation, not an IL-1 antagonist. Hydroxychloroquine modulates immunity differently. Rituximab (E) targets B cells. Anakinra mimics natural IL-1Ra, reducing joint damage in RA when leflunomide fails, directly countering IL-1's effects, unlike broader or unrelated mechanisms of other options.
Question 3 of 5
A 24-year-old man is admitted for an emergent appendectomy. While in the operating room, the anesthesiologist finds that he must use a much higher than expected anesthetic dose to anesthetize this patient. After the surgery, the patient admits to barbiturate abuse. What is the correct term for the fact that his history of barbiturate abuse led to a greater anesthetic requirement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Barbiturate abuse increases anesthetic need due to cross-tolerance . Chronic use induces enzymes and receptor changes, reducing anesthetic efficacy. Addiction , dependence , and cross-dependence don't explain dosing. Tolerance (E) is drug-specific. Cross-tolerance fits this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
What is the therapeutic action of Phenytoin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication commonly used in the treatment of seizures, including tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures, complex partial seizures, and seizures occurring during neurosurgery. It works by stabilizing the excitable cell membranes in the brain, thereby reducing abnormal electrical activity that can lead to seizures. Phenytoin is not used as an antidiabetic, mood stabilizer, or antianxiety agent.
Question 5 of 5
A 48-year-old woman with obsessive-compulsive disorder presents to her primary care physician for evaluation. She states that her symptoms have worsened during the last 6 months and desires treatment. She has begun on sertraline. Which of the following precautions must be exercised by the physician?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sertraline, an SSRI, risks suicidal tendencies , especially early in treatment for OCD. Hepatic carcinoma , volume overload , and antibiotic potentiation aren't concerns. FDA warnings highlight this risk, necessitating monitoring in this worsening case.