ATI RN
Pediatric NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A sexually active female adolescent asks the nurse about the contraceptive Depo-Provera. What should the nurse explain regarding the contraceptive?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Depo-Provera is a contraceptive method that consists of receiving an injection every 3 months to prevent pregnancy. It contains a progestin hormone called medroxyprogesterone acetate, which works by suppressing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, and thinning the uterine lining. This method of contraception is highly effective when used correctly and is convenient for individuals who prefer not to take a daily pill.
Question 2 of 5
Which is instituted for the therapeutic management of minimal change nephrotic syndrome?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy for minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Minimal change disease is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, and corticosteroids are highly effective in inducing remission in these patients. They work by reducing inflammation and decreasing the permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier in the kidneys, thereby reducing proteinuria. Antihypertensive agents are used to control blood pressure in patients with renal involvement, and long-term diuretics are not typically recommended in nephrotic syndrome due to the risk of worsening kidney function. Increased fluids to promote diuresis are also not indicated as the primary treatment for minimal change nephrotic syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for an adolescent who has just started dialysis. The child seems always angry, hostile, or depressed. To what are these behaviors most likely related?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adolescents often resent the control and enforced dependence imposed by dialysis. Adolescence is a challenging time marked by striving for independence and autonomy. When adolescents have to rely on medical interventions like dialysis that impose control and dependence, it can lead to feelings of anger, hostility, and depression. This is a normal psychological response to feeling restricted and not in control of their own lives. It is important for healthcare providers to recognize these emotions and provide support and coping strategies to help the adolescent adjust to the situation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching nursing students the physiology of congenital heart defects. Which defect results in decreased pulmonary blood flow?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect characterized by four abnormalities - pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The pulmonary stenosis in Tetralogy of Fallot results in decreased pulmonary blood flow, leading to cyanosis. The other choices (Atrial septal defect, Ventricular septal defect, Patent ductus arteriosus) do not result in decreased pulmonary blood flow.
Question 5 of 5
Which painful, tender, pea-sized nodules may appear on the pads of the fingers or toes in bacterial endocarditis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Osler nodes are painful, tender, pea-sized nodules that can appear on the pads of the fingers or toes and are associated with bacterial endocarditis. These nodules result from immune-complex deposition in the small blood vessels of the skin. They are not to be confused with Janeway lesions, which are painless, non-tender macules found on the palms and soles in infective endocarditis. Subcutaneous nodules are seen in conditions like rheumatic fever, while Aschoff nodes are characteristic of rheumatic fever involving the heart.