ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
A sexually active adolescent presents with copious malodorous yellow vaginal discharge with vulvovaginal irritation. Which is the most likely etiology?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Trichomonas vaginalis causes malodorous, yellow discharge with irritation.
Question 2 of 5
In meningitis, the characteristic sign of increased intracranial pressure with brain herniation is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bradycardia with hypertension (E, Cushing’s triad) signals herniation in meningitis, more specific than vomiting (A), headache (B), papilledema (C), or fontanelle bulging (D, infants only).
Question 3 of 5
All the following matching regarding prevention of encephalitis are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HSV neonatal encephalitis prevention uses cesarean delivery, not IV acyclovir (E) prophylactically, unlike true matches (A, B, C, D), per guidelines.
Question 4 of 5
Regarding paranasal sinuses, all the following are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ethmoid (A), sphenoid (B), and frontal (C, E) development aligns with norms. Maxillary sinuses are pneumatized at birth, not 2 years (D), per anatomy.
Question 5 of 5
A 7-year-old boy presented with earache and aural discharge mainly in left side, he recently was diving in swimming pool; on examination he is afebrile with tenderness on movement of the pinna. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of this condition is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (C) is the most common cause of otitis externa in swimmers, per infectious disease data.