ATI RN
Basic Care of a Paraplegic Patient Questions
Question 1 of 5
A serious illness usually caused by a bacterial infection is called
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sepsis. Sepsis is a serious illness caused by the body's response to an infection, often bacterial. It can lead to organ failure and even death if not treated promptly. Gingivitis (A) is a gum disease, Phlebitis (B) is inflammation of a vein, and Diverticulosis (D) is a condition in the colon. These conditions are not typically caused by bacterial infections and do not result in the same life-threatening complications as sepsis.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in the postanesthesia care unit who has undergone a left total knee arthroplasty. The anesthesia provider has indicated that the patient received a left femoral peripheral nerve block. Which assessment will be an expected finding for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sensation decreased in the left leg. A femoral peripheral nerve block would result in decreased sensation in the left leg as it blocks the sensory nerves in that area. This is an expected finding after receiving this type of nerve block. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the expected effects of a femoral nerve block. Choice B is unlikely as the nerve block would reduce pain sensation. Choice C is not directly related to the femoral nerve block, and choice D is more indicative of poor circulation rather than the effects of a nerve block.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in the operating suite who is experiencing hypercarbia, tachypnea, tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, and muscle rigidity. Which condition does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Malignant hyperthermia. This is characterized by the symptoms described - hypercarbia, tachypnea, tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, and muscle rigidity. Malignant hyperthermia is a rare but life-threatening reaction to certain medications used during anesthesia, leading to an uncontrolled increase in skeletal muscle metabolism. This causes an increase in carbon dioxide production (hypercarbia), leading to respiratory compensation (tachypnea). The increased metabolism also causes tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, and muscle rigidity. The other choices (B: Fluid imbalance, C: Hemorrhage, D: Hypoxia) do not align with the given symptoms and clinical presentation of malignant hyperthermia.
Question 4 of 5
During the assessment of a 6-year-old child who is having an asthma attack, you observe the child speaking in single words, respiratory rate of 36, and audible wheezing. What is the most appropriate treatment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Albuterol nebulizer and oxygen. 1. Albuterol nebulizer helps relieve bronchospasm in asthma attacks. 2. Oxygen supplementation can improve oxygen saturation levels. 3. Epinephrine (choice B) is not first-line treatment for asthma. 4. CPAP (choice C) is not typically used in acute asthma exacerbations. 5. Magnesium sulfate IV (choice D) is used in severe asthma attacks, not as the initial treatment.
Question 5 of 5
You are on-scene with a 12-year-old trauma patient who has a large laceration on the inner aspect of his upper right arm with an estimated blood loss of around 15%. The bleeding has now decreased while the patient remains conscious, alert, and anxious. His skin is warm; his heart rate is 96 bpm, and his blood pressure is 108/50. After assessing the child, you believe the patient may be in hypovolemic shock. If so, which stage of shock is the patient most likely experiencing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stage 2. In stage 2 of hypovolemic shock, the body compensates for the blood loss by increasing heart rate and maintaining blood pressure. This is seen in the patient's presentation with a heart rate of 96 bpm and a blood pressure of 108/50. The decreased bleeding and the patient being conscious, alert, and anxious also indicate early signs of shock. In stage 1, there would be no significant physiological changes yet, and in stage 3 and 4, the patient would exhibit more severe symptoms such as altered mental status, profound hypotension, and organ failure, which are not present in this case. Therefore, based on the patient's vital signs and symptoms, the most likely stage of shock the patient is experiencing is stage 2.