ATI RN
Nurses and Infection Control Questions
Question 1 of 5
A senior staff nurse observes a new graduate nurse prepare and administer medication for a client in their unit. The senior nurse notes that the graduate nurse bypassed the electronic medical record (EMR) medication scanning system and administered the medication directly to the client. Which action by the senior staff nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (A): 1. Instructing the new graduate nurse on the importance of compliance with the EMR scanning system is essential to ensure patient safety. 2. The EMR scanning system helps prevent medication errors by verifying the right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, and right time. 3. By bypassing the system, the new graduate nurse put the patient at risk of receiving the wrong medication or dose. 4. Education and reinforcement of protocols are crucial for the nurse to understand the significance of following proper procedures. 5. This approach focuses on correcting the behavior and preventing future errors, promoting a culture of safety. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B. Continuing to observe without addressing the error may lead to potential harm to patients in the future. C. Reporting the nurse to upper management may be premature without first addressing the issue directly with the nurse. D. Charting that the medication was given without following the correct procedure does not address
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter. The nurse is using open gloving to apply the sterile gloves. Which steps will the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because laying the glove package on a clean flat surface above the waistline helps maintain sterility. Placing the package above waistline prevents contamination from any potential contact with the clothing. This step ensures that the gloves remain sterile and ready for use during the catheter insertion procedure. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: A: While putting on the first glove, touching only the outside surface of the glove is correct, but this step alone does not address maintaining sterility during the open gloving process. B: Slipping fingers underneath the second glove cuff with the gloved dominant hand is incorrect in the context of open gloving as it introduces the risk of contamination. C: Removing the outer glove package by tearing the package open is not recommended for open gloving as it can compromise the sterility of the gloves.
Question 3 of 5
A client who has had abdominal surgery develops an infection in the wound while still hospitalized. Which of the following agents is most likely the cause of the infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bacteria. Bacteria are the most common cause of wound infections, especially in surgical wounds. They can easily enter the body during surgery and cause infections. Viruses typically do not cause wound infections, as they require living cells to replicate. Fungi are less common in wound infections and are usually associated with specific risk factors. Spores are not a common cause of wound infections, as they are usually dormant and require specific conditions to germinate. In summary, bacteria are the most likely cause of the infection in the client's wound due to their ability to easily enter the body during surgery and cause infections.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who is diagnosed with mononucleosis, commonly called “the kissing disease.” The nurse explains that the organisms causing this disease were transmitted by:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: direct contact. Mononucleosis is commonly spread through the exchange of saliva, such as kissing or sharing utensils. Direct contact allows for the transmission of the infectious organisms directly from one person to another. Indirect contact (B) involves transmission through contaminated objects, which is not the primary mode of transmission for mononucleosis. Airborne route (C) is when pathogens are spread through the air, which is not typical for mononucleosis. Vectors (D) are organisms that can transmit disease but are not involved in the transmission of mononucleosis.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is an example of the body’s defense against infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Immune response. The immune system is the body's defense mechanism against infections. It recognizes and fights off pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances. The immune response involves various cells and proteins working together to neutralize and eliminate the invading pathogens. Racial characteristics (A) and body shape and size (B) are not directly related to the body's defense against infections. Level of susceptibility (D) may influence an individual's likelihood of getting infected but does not represent an active defense mechanism like the immune response does.