A SCUBA diver has been deep underwater and suddenly rises to the surface too fast. Why does the diver get decompression sickness?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because as the SCUBA diver rises too fast, the pressure decreases rapidly. This causes the nitrogen gas that was dissolved in the blood at high pressure to form bubbles, leading to decompression sickness. Choice A is incorrect because carbon dioxide rushing into cells is not the cause of decompression sickness. Choice B is incorrect because it refers to carbon dioxide forming bubbles in the blood, which is not the mechanism of decompression sickness. Choice D is incorrect because it focuses on excess air from the SCUBA tank entering the blood, which is not the primary reason for decompression sickness.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Identifying lobes - The right lung has 3 lobes (upper, middle, lower) while the left lung has 2 lobes (upper, lower). Step 2: Cardiac notch - The cardiac notch is a concave space on the left lung where the heart lies. Therefore, the left lung has a cardiac notch. Step 3: Correct choice - Option D states that the right lung has 3 lobes, the left lung has 2 lobes, and the left lung has a cardiac notch, which aligns with the anatomical features of the lungs. Step 4: Incorrect choices - Choices A, B, and C have incorrect combinations of lobes and the presence of a cardiac notch, making them incorrect.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Regular physical activity. Physical activity is recommended for individuals with heart failure as it can help improve cardiovascular health, strengthen the heart muscle, and enhance overall well-being. Exercise can also help manage symptoms of heart failure and improve quality of life. The other choices are incorrect: A: Sedentary lifestyle can worsen heart failure symptoms and lead to deconditioning. B: Smoking is harmful for heart health and can exacerbate heart failure. D: Excessive alcohol consumption can weaken the heart muscle and contribute to heart failure complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 13cm. The human pharynx is typically around 13cm in length. This length allows for the proper passage of food and liquids from the mouth to the esophagus. Choice B (12cm) is incorrect as it is slightly shorter than the average length of the pharynx. Choice C (5 inches) is also incorrect as it does not correspond to the standard unit of measurement for medical lengths. Choice D (both a and c) is incorrect as 12cm and 5 inches are not equivalent lengths for the pharynx.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Amantadine is an antiviral medication effective against type A influenza virus. 2. By taking it within 48 hours of exposure, it can lessen flu symptoms by inhibiting viral replication. 3. It does not prevent pneumonia or avian flu specifically. 4. It is not used for reducing bronchitis irritation. Summary: Amantadine is specifically used to reduce the severity of type A flu symptoms when taken within 48 hours of exposure. It is not for prevention of viral pneumonia, avian flu, or bronchitis irritation.