A school nurse is developing a primary prevention strategy for school-aged children. Which of the following interventions would the nurse most likely implement?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Drafting policy for increases in noncompetitive physical activity programs. This primary prevention strategy focuses on promoting physical activity for all children, not just overweight ones. By implementing noncompetitive physical activity programs, the nurse can encourage all students to engage in regular exercise, which can help prevent obesity and other health issues. A: Developing individualized exercise programs for overweight children is a secondary prevention strategy, not primary prevention. C: Monitoring BMI in children is a screening tool, not a primary prevention strategy. D: Notifying parents of height-weight scale comparison is informative but does not directly address primary prevention through promoting physical activity for all children. In summary, the correct answer focuses on implementing a broad intervention that targets all school-aged children to prevent health issues, while the other choices are more specific and do not address primary prevention at a population level.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. With aging, there is an increased prevalence of both non-communicable and communicable diseases. As individuals age, their immune system weakens, making them more susceptible to infections. Non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular diseases and cancer also become more common with age. Therefore, the correct answer acknowledges the presence of both types of diseases in the elderly population. Choice B is incomplete and does not address the prevalence of diseases with aging. Choices C and D are blank and do not provide any relevant information.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because upstream determinants of health focus on broader social and environmental factors that influence health outcomes, such as access to healthcare, socioeconomic status, education, and living conditions. This approach emphasizes prevention and addressing root causes of health disparities. Choice B is incorrect because genetic determinants focus on individual biological factors, not broader social determinants. Choice C is incorrect because behavioral determinants focus on individual lifestyle choices, not the broader social determinants addressed by upstream factors. Choice D is incorrect because downstream determinants typically refer to the consequences of health outcomes, rather than addressing the social and environmental factors at the root of health issues.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Local public health departments protect the health of citizens in their jurisdiction. Step 2: They work in conjunction with state health departments and the CDC for surveillance. Step 3: This collaboration ensures early detection of potential outbreaks. Step 4: The coordinated effort helps in implementing timely interventions. Step 5: Hospitals are regulated by state and federal agencies, not local health departments. Step 6: Quarantine efforts during outbreaks are implemented by the collaboration of local, state, and CDC. Overall, choice A is correct as it accurately describes the formal organization of public health services from a global to local level, emphasizing the collaborative approach between local, state, and national health entities. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not fully capture the hierarchical structure and collaboration involved in public health services.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Proactively promoting health among populations. This is the central tenet of population health because it focuses on preventing health issues before they occur through education, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and addressing social determinants of health. This approach is more effective and cost-efficient in improving overall health outcomes for entire populations. Choice B, Reactively managing health conditions, is incorrect because it focuses on treating health issues after they have already occurred, which is not the primary goal of population health. Choice C, Treating diseases in individual people, is incorrect as it is a more narrow approach that does not address the broader health needs of populations. Choice D, Focusing on increasing the number of hospitals, is incorrect because it does not address the underlying factors that influence population health and does not promote prevention and health promotion strategies.