A school-age child is talking with her grandmother, who is dying. What should the nurse say to the child?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Even though she may not answer you, she can hear you. This response acknowledges the child's need to communicate with her grandmother and provides reassurance that the grandmother can still hear her. It allows the child to express her thoughts and feelings, promoting emotional connection during this difficult time. Choice A is incorrect because talking loudly is not necessary and may be distressing for the grandmother. Choice C is incorrect as holding her hand does not necessarily indicate that she cannot hear. Choice D is also incorrect because it assumes the grandmother cannot hear, which is not necessarily true.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because competent adults have the right to decide where they want to live, even if abuse or neglect is present. In this case, the elderly client has the autonomy to choose to remain in the home despite the reported abuse. A: This is incorrect because neglect can be just as harmful as physical abuse, and the client's well-being should be prioritized regardless of the type of abuse. B: This is incorrect as any individual who is being abused or neglected, regardless of age, should be protected and supported, not just children. D: While monitoring the situation is important, it does not address the client's right to make their own decisions about where they want to live.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer D: 1. Family therapy helps parents understand how family dynamics may contribute to the client's illness. 2. It fosters open communication and support within the family. 3. Understanding triggers and maintaining a supportive environment aids in the client's recovery. 4. Empowering parents with knowledge improves the overall treatment outcomes. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Guilt-tripping the parents is not therapeutic and may create resistance. B: While true, this answer lacks specific information on the benefits of family therapy. C: While supportive, it does not address the rationale behind family therapy's effectiveness.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (D): The client experiencing occasional feelings of sadness due to the recent death of a beloved pet, with no changes in appetite, sleep patterns, or daily routine, does not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of depression. Here's a step-by-step rationale: 1. **Occasional Feelings of Sadness**: It is normal for individuals to experience feelings of sadness following a significant loss, such as the death of a beloved pet. 2. **No Changes in Appetite, Sleep Patterns, or Daily Routine**: The client's lack of changes in these areas suggests that their functioning is not significantly impaired. 3. **No Persistent or Severe Symptoms**: The client's behaviors do not indicate the presence of a major depressive episode, as there are no persistent or severe symptoms such as significant weight loss/gain, insomnia/hypersomnia, or psychomotor agitation/retardation. 4. **No Impairment in Functioning**: Since the client's behaviors

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because defense mechanisms can be adaptive responses to stress, helping individuals cope and manage anxiety. It is important to understand that defense mechanisms serve a purpose in protecting the individual's psychological well-being. Eliminating them completely can be harmful as they may be necessary for emotional regulation. Choice B is incorrect as defense mechanisms can sometimes be adaptive. Choice C is incorrect as defense mechanisms are utilized by everyone, not just those with weak ego integrity. Choice D is incorrect as fostering defense mechanisms excessively can lead to maladaptive coping strategies.