A school-age child is admitted to the hospital with acute glomerulonephritis and oliguria. Which dietary menu items should be allowed for this child? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Apples, bananas, and strawberries are all suitable choices for a child with acute glomerulonephritis and oliguria. These fruits are high in water content and are not typically restricted in the diet of a child with this condition. It is important to provide hydration through food sources for a child experiencing oliguria. However, foods high in sodium, potassium, and protein (such as cheese) may need to be limited or modified based on the child's condition and the doctor's recommendations. Carrot sticks, although generally a healthy choice, may have high potassium content which could be restricted based on the child's individual dietary requirements.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile illness that primarily affects children. The therapeutic management of Kawasaki disease includes the administration of gamma globulin and aspirin. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or gamma globulin is given as a single dose to reduce the risk of coronary artery abnormalities, while aspirin is used for its anti-inflammatory effects. It is important to note that aspirin should not be given to children with viral infections due to the risk of Reye syndrome. Therefore, option D is the correct choice in this case.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Peritonitis is a major complication of peritoneal dialysis that the nurse should monitor for. Peritonitis is an infection of the peritoneum, the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs. It can occur when bacteria from the dialysis solution enter the peritoneal cavity. Symptoms of peritonitis may include abdominal pain, cloudy dialysis effluent, fever, and general signs of infection. Prompt recognition and treatment of peritonitis are crucial to prevent complications such as sepsis and peritoneal membrane damage. Regular monitoring and strict aseptic technique during peritoneal dialysis can help reduce the risk of peritonitis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When a woman with vesicles on her perineum comes into the hospital in active labor, it is important to take precautions to protect the unborn baby and the staff. However, applying antibiotic ointment to the vesicles and placing the mother in reverse isolation is not appropriate in this situation. This is because her condition is most likely due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, which can be transmitted to the baby during birth leading to severe complications. Placing the mother in reverse isolation can increase the risk of transmission to the healthcare staff as well. Instead, notifying the obstetrician and nurse midwife about the vesicles as soon as possible is crucial for proper management and preparing for the possibility that the baby may be delivered by cesarean section is important to reduce the risk of transmission during vaginal birth. Maintaining standard precautions is essential to prevent the spread of infection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The patient's symptoms of muscle weakness and fatigue are likely due to hypermagnesemia, which is an excess of magnesium in the blood. Hence, the management should include discontinuing any oral magnesium salts that the patient may be taking. This will help in correcting the magnesium imbalance and improving the patient's symptoms. Regular diet modifications and potassium-sparing diuretics are not indicated for the treatment of hypermagnesemia and may not address the underlying cause in this case.