ATI RN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
A rise in angiotensin II levels would result in increased
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Angiotensin II increases blood pressure, sodium retention, and water retention via multiple mechanisms.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following leads to the lowest water loss during a day?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Feces typically result in the least water loss compared to skin, lungs, and kidneys.
Question 3 of 5
Some diuretics can have an impact on electrolytes. Which electrolyte is particularly affected by some diuretics but not others?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Potassium is notably affected by potassium-sparing vs. potassium-wasting diuretics (e.g., loop diuretics), unlike sodium which is universally affected by most diuretics.
Question 4 of 5
Can the use of isotonic IV fluids cause problems?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The use of isotonic IV fluids can cause problems because they can lead to fluid overload, especially in patients with impaired kidney function or heart failure. This can result in symptoms such as swelling, shortness of breath, and increased blood pressure. Additionally, isotonic IV fluids can also cause electrolyte imbalances, such as hyponatremia or hypernatremia, which can have detrimental effects on the body's functioning. Therefore, it is important to carefully monitor the administration of isotonic IV fluids and adjust the dosage according to the patient's specific needs.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse understands renal function when stating
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urine promotion helps to clear K+ because the kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products, including potassium, from the blood and excreting them in urine. By promoting urine production, the kidneys remove excess potassium, maintaining a healthy balance. This is especially important in renal failure, where potassium clearance is impaired, contrary to option C.