A resident who has hemorrhoids should avoid

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Excessive cleaning and wiping of the area. Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectum and anus, and excessive cleaning and wiping can irritate and worsen the condition. It is important to be gentle and use soft materials to clean the area to prevent further irritation and discomfort. A: Fiber in the diet is actually beneficial for individuals with hemorrhoids as it helps soften the stool and reduce straining during bowel movements. B: Excessive intake of water is also important as it helps prevent constipation, a common trigger for hemorrhoids. C: Sitz baths can help reduce pain and inflammation associated with hemorrhoids by promoting blood flow and relaxing the muscles, so they are recommended for relief.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (20 minutes) because it is the recommended duration for applying warm or cold applications. Applying for 20 minutes allows enough time for the therapeutic effects to take place without causing potential harm, such as skin damage or decreased effectiveness. Choice A (10 minutes) may not provide sufficient time for the treatment to be effective. Choices C (30 minutes) and D (40 minutes) can lead to adverse effects like skin irritation or delayed healing due to prolonged exposure. Therefore, 20 minutes strikes a balance between achieving therapeutic benefits and minimizing risks.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Early in the morning. This is because sputum tends to accumulate overnight, making it more concentrated and easier to collect in the morning. Collecting it before the resident eats or engages in other activities ensures a more accurate sample. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide the optimal conditions for collecting a sputum specimen. After a meal, sputum may be contaminated with food particles. Right before bedtime may not yield a good sample due to the accumulation of saliva overnight. Right before lunch is not ideal as the resident may have eaten or drunk something that could affect the sample.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because assisting with ambulation helps prevent falls, a common concern for CVA patients. Ambulation support promotes safety and independence. Choice A is incorrect as it contradicts promoting independence. Choice B is incorrect because rushing tasks may lead to accidents. Choice D is incorrect as placing food on the affected side may lead to choking.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is considered the master gland because it secretes hormones that control the functions of other endocrine glands in the body. It produces hormones that regulate growth, blood pressure, reproduction, and many other vital functions. The other choices, thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal glands, have specific functions but do not have the same overall control over other glands as the pituitary gland.