ATI RN
Basic Nursing Care Needs of the Patient PPT Questions
Question 1 of 5
A resident who has had a cerebrovascular accident and has diminished sensation may be at risk for
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Burns. Diminished sensation following a cerebrovascular accident can lead to the inability to feel pain or temperature changes, increasing the risk of burns from hot surfaces or liquids. This is because the individual may not be able to sense when they are being burned, making them more susceptible to injuries. Rashes and warts (Option A) are not directly related to diminished sensation. Decreased urination (Option B) is more likely to be associated with issues in the urinary system rather than diminished sensation. Seizures (Option D) are neurological events that are not directly caused by diminished sensation.
Question 2 of 5
One complication of immobility for the integumentary system is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pressure injuries are a common complication of immobility for the integumentary system due to prolonged pressure on the skin, leading to tissue damage. This can occur when a person remains in one position for an extended period, causing reduced blood flow and tissue breakdown. The other choices, constipation, blood clots, and muscle atrophy, are more related to the effects of immobility on other body systems such as the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal systems respectively. However, pressure injuries specifically affect the skin and underlying tissues, making it the correct choice in this case.
Question 3 of 5
The stage of dying in which a person prepares for death is identified as
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acceptance. During the stage of acceptance, a person comes to terms with their impending death and begins to make peace with it. This stage involves a sense of calmness and readiness. Bargaining (A) involves trying to negotiate with a higher power to avoid death. Depression (B) entails feelings of sadness and hopelessness. Denial (C) is characterized by refusing to accept the reality of death. Acceptance is the final stage of the dying process as described by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, indicating readiness and peace.
Question 4 of 5
A student is assessing a postoperative patient who has developed pneumonia. The plan of care includes positioning the patient in the Fowlers or semi-Fowlers position. What is the rationale for this position?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) It promotes full aeration of the lungs. The rationale behind positioning a postoperative patient with pneumonia in the Fowler's or semi-Fowler's position is to optimize lung expansion and ventilation. By elevating the head of the bed, gravity helps to improve the mechanics of breathing, allowing for better expansion of the lungs and increased oxygenation. This position also helps improve ventilation-perfusion matching, which is crucial for effective gas exchange in patients with pneumonia. Option A) It increases blood flow to the heart: While positioning can impact venous return to the heart, the primary goal in this scenario is to optimize lung function rather than focus solely on cardiac output. Option B) The patient will be more comfortable and have less pain: Comfort is important in patient care, but in this case, the priority is to address the respiratory complications associated with pneumonia. Option C) It facilitates nursing assessments of skin color and temperature: Although positioning can impact skin assessment, the main reason for choosing the Fowler's position in this case is to improve respiratory function rather than skin assessment. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind positioning postoperative patients with pneumonia in the Fowler's position is essential for nursing students to provide optimal care. By grasping the physiological principles behind this intervention, students can enhance their critical thinking skills and make informed clinical decisions to promote positive patient outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
The mother of a 2 year old tells the nurse she always cleans the childs ears with a hairpin. What would the nurse tell the mother?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) That is dangerous; you might puncture the eardrum. This response is correct because using a hairpin to clean a child's ears is extremely risky and can lead to serious injury, such as puncturing the eardrum. As a nurse, it is crucial to educate parents on safe and appropriate methods for ear hygiene to prevent harm to the child. Option A) Thats not good. Use a Q-tip or your finger instead. is incorrect because using Q-tips or fingers to clean the ears is also not recommended as they can push wax deeper into the ear canal, leading to impaction or injury. It is important to promote safe practices for ear care. Option B) You really like to keep your child clean. Good for you! is incorrect as it does not address the potential danger of using a hairpin for ear cleaning. While it is important to acknowledge a parent's efforts to keep their child clean, safety should always be the top priority. Option D) Show me exactly how you use the hairpin. is incorrect as it does not address the immediate need to educate the mother on the dangers of using a hairpin for ear cleaning. It is essential to provide clear guidance and information to prevent any harm to the child. In an educational context, this scenario highlights the importance of effective patient and parent education in nursing practice. Nurses play a critical role in promoting health literacy and guiding individuals towards safe and evidence-based practices. By providing accurate information and guidance, nurses can empower parents to make informed decisions that promote the well-being of their children.