ATI RN
Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A researcher is interested in quality of life and after an extensive literature review quantitatively integrates data from identified studies and describes the findings. This researcher is using which approach? (select all that apply)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Meta-analysis. In a meta-analysis, a researcher combines data from multiple studies to provide a quantitative summary of the findings. This approach allows for a more comprehensive and statistically powerful analysis of the research evidence on a particular topic. Survey (A) involves collecting data directly from individuals, which is not the same as integrating data from existing studies. Triangulation (B) refers to using multiple methods or data sources to validate findings, not necessarily integrating data from different studies. State of the science summary (D) typically involves summarizing the current state of knowledge on a topic but does not involve quantitative integration of data like in a meta-analysis.
Question 2 of 5
A young mother has detected a lump in her breast, and because she lives at the poverty level, she is covered under Medicaid. This individual:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): The correct answer is C because individuals covered under Medicaid, especially those living in poverty, often face barriers to timely healthcare access. Due to financial constraints and lack of awareness, this mother may delay seeking care, leading to a more advanced stage of breast cancer. This delay can result in the need for hospitalization for a mastectomy, which could have been avoided with early detection and treatment. Medicaid coverage does not necessarily guarantee prompt healthcare access, especially for preventive services like mammography. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: This choice is incorrect because individuals covered by Medicaid, especially those facing financial hardships, may have limited access to preventive services like mammography due to various barriers. B: Having designated primary care and a specialist does not necessarily ensure timely care access, especially for individuals living in poverty and covered under Medicaid. D: This choice is incorrect as individuals covered by Medicaid generally have better access to healthcare services compared to the uninsured population, although they may still face barriers to
Question 3 of 5
Certain groups of individuals are opposed to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) based on religious beliefs that prohibit circumcision and blood transfusions. These individuals believe the PPACA is unconstitutional because it:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the main argument against the PPACA in relation to religious beliefs is the mandate requiring all U.S. and legal residents to secure health insurance. This mandate conflicts with the religious beliefs of certain groups that oppose specific medical procedures like circumcision and blood transfusions. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the issue of religious opposition to specific healthcare practices mandated by the PPACA. B pertains to Medicare and Medicaid plans, C relates to preventive services participation, and D refers to health practices outside Western medicine, which are not the primary concern for the opposing groups.
Question 4 of 5
A patient wants to reduce health care costs by being a model for making wise decisions that both promote health and reduce cost. Which statement by the patient would indicate a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because asking for the brand name drug Tylenol instead of the generic acetaminophen would likely increase healthcare costs without providing any additional benefit. Acetaminophen is the active ingredient in Tylenol, so choosing the brand name would be more expensive without improving health outcomes. This decision does not align with the goal of reducing healthcare costs while promoting health. Choice B is correct as looking up information on urinary tract infection prevention shows the patient is proactively seeking knowledge to improve health outcomes. Choice C is correct as getting health measurements at a health fair demonstrates an interest in monitoring health status. Choice D is correct as seeking advice from a pharmacist for allergies is a cost-effective and health-promoting decision.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who just suffered a stroke and is medicated for pain. The nurse completes the following interventions: places the client on the examining table, completes a thorough history and physical, covers the client with a sheet, places the call button within reach, and goes out in the hall to speak with the client's physician. The client tries to get up to speak with his family and falls, sustaining a hematoma on the head and a broken hip. The nurse's actions reflect:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: negligence. Negligence refers to a failure to provide the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have provided in a similar situation, resulting in harm to the client. In this scenario, the nurse failed to ensure the safety of the client by leaving them unattended on an examining table, leading to the client falling and sustaining injuries. This breach of duty to provide proper care and supervision constitutes negligence. Choice A (invasion of privacy) is incorrect because it does not relate to the nurse's failure to provide proper care and supervision. Choice B (libel) and Choice C (slander) are also incorrect as they pertain to defamation, which is not applicable in this situation. The nurse's actions primarily reflect negligence due to the failure to provide adequate supervision, resulting in harm to the client.