A public health nurse notices an extremely high incidents of childhood asthma in families living within a 10-block radius of a particular manufacturing plant. Which action should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Request an air quality study from the environmental protection agency (EPA). This is the most logical first step because it will provide objective data on the air quality around the manufacturing plant. This data will help identify if the plant is indeed the cause of the high incidents of childhood asthma. Closing down the plant (choice A) or vacating all the buildings in the 10-mile radius (choice B) would be extreme measures without concrete evidence. Requesting an air quality study allows for a more informed and evidence-based decision-making process.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Primary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of a disease or condition before it occurs. In this scenario, the nurse is educating the community about managing diabetic medication and nutrition to prevent the development of diabetes or its complications. This type of prevention focuses on promoting health and preventing the initial occurrence of a disease. Incorrect choices: A: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and treating existing conditions to prevent complications. C: Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to reduce the impact of a disease. D: "Educative" is not a recognized type of prevention, and education alone does not fit into a specific prevention category.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a cultural assessment helps identify language preferences, communication styles, and beliefs that may impact communication. Understanding needs (A) may not specifically address communication barriers. Not including culture in the assessment (C) is incorrect as cultural factors can significantly influence communication. Choice D, which is incomplete, does not provide relevant information regarding communication barriers. In summary, a cultural assessment is crucial for identifying communication barriers in a community by considering cultural nuances that affect effective communication.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Retrospective study. In a retrospective study, data is collected from past events to analyze their association with a particular outcome. In this case, the nurse is collecting data on past exposure to variables in children with soft tissue sarcoma. This type of study design is appropriate when studying the relationship between exposures and outcomes over time. Summary of other choices: A: Culture study - Focuses on the values, beliefs, and practices of a particular group, not relevant to collecting data on past exposures. B: Needs study - Investigates the needs of a specific population, not related to collecting data on past exposures. D: No option provided.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Community of solution. This group actively addresses a specific issue (drunk driving) within the community, making them a community of solution. They work collaboratively to find solutions and take action to address the problem. The other choices are incorrect because a police department program (B) is a specific organizational initiative, culture study (C) focuses on understanding cultural norms and practices, and missionaries (D) are individuals who typically engage in religious or humanitarian work. The key is recognizing that the group in question is actively involved in solving a community issue, making them a community of solution.