A psychiatric-mental health nurse is integrating Carl Rogers'theory into the plan of care for a patient with a mental illness. The nurse incorporates understanding of this theory by acknowledging that the therapist accomplishes which of the following?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Develop unconditional positive regard for the client. In Carl Rogers' theory, unconditional positive regard refers to the therapist's genuine acceptance and support of the client without judgment. This helps create a safe and trusting therapeutic relationship, leading to client growth and self-actualization. Providing validation of terminology (A) may be important but is not the primary focus. Focusing on instinctual drives (B) is more aligned with Freudian theory, not Rogers'. Recognizing basic needs (C) is essential, but it does not capture the essence of Rogers' emphasis on unconditional positive regard.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it focuses on the patient's past behavior in response to stress, providing insight into her coping strategies. By understanding how she has dealt with stress before, the nurse can anticipate her current response. Choice A is too focused on the cause of job loss, not the patient's emotional response. Choice B is too narrow, not addressing broader coping mechanisms. Choice C is future-oriented, not addressing the patient's current emotional state.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Obtain the patient's permission for the exchange of information. This is the case manager's first action because it ensures the patient's autonomy and right to privacy are respected. It is crucial to obtain the patient's permission before discussing their treatment plan with the family to maintain trust and confidentiality. Without the patient's consent, sharing sensitive information with the family could breach ethical and legal boundaries. In contrast: A: Determining an appropriate location is important but not the first step. B: Supporting the discussion with examples of the patient's behavior is relevant but not as critical as obtaining consent. D: Deciding which family members should participate is premature without the patient's approval.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: the use of involuntary treatment and the potential infringement on personal freedoms. This is because the controversy surrounding psychiatry often involves ethical concerns related to involuntary treatment, such as issues of patient autonomy and civil rights. Involuntary treatment raises questions about the balance between the individual's right to refuse treatment and the need for intervention in cases of severe mental illness. Choice A is incorrect because there is not universal agreement on the efficacy of psychiatric medications across all populations, with debates about effectiveness, side effects, and long-term outcomes. Choice C is incorrect as ethical dilemmas do exist in psychiatric practices, such as confidentiality, informed consent, and conflicts of interest. Choice D is incorrect as psychiatric diagnoses are not always aligned with physical health conditions, and the distinction between mental and physical health is a key aspect of psychiatric practice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Serotonin syndrome. The patient's symptoms of agitation, hallucinations, tachycardia, incoordination, vomiting, and diarrhea are consistent with serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive serotonin levels. Paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used to treat depression, which can lead to serotonin syndrome when combined with other serotonergic medications. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (choice A) presents with muscle rigidity, fever, and altered mental status. Acute dystonic reaction (choice B) is characterized by sudden muscle contractions. Hypothyroidism (choice D) does not typically present with symptoms like agitation, hallucinations, and tachycardia.