A psychiatric mental health nurse is applying Erikson's theory of psychosocial development in the care of a young adult client. What outcome should the nurse identify to best address the developmental conflict that this client is experiencing at this age?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) The client demonstrates new interpersonal skills to promote the development of intimate relationships. Erikson's theory of psychosocial development posits that young adults face the developmental conflict of intimacy vs. isolation. At this stage, individuals are focused on forming close, intimate relationships with others. By demonstrating new interpersonal skills, the client can effectively navigate this conflict and establish meaningful connections, which is crucial for their psychosocial development. Option B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the developmental conflict of intimacy vs. isolation that young adults experience according to Erikson's theory. Without focusing on developing interpersonal skills for intimate relationships, the client may struggle with feelings of isolation and an inability to form close bonds with others, hindering their psychosocial growth. Educationally, understanding theoretical frameworks like Erikson's psychosocial development theory is essential for healthcare professionals working with individuals across the lifespan. By applying these theories in practice, nurses can tailor their care to meet the specific developmental needs of their clients, ultimately promoting holistic health and well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In assessing an individual with schizoid personality disorder, the nurse would expect to observe few interactions with others and limited verbalization, as indicated by option D. This is because individuals with schizoid personality disorder typically exhibit a pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression. Option A, describing impulsive, restless, and aggressive behavior, is more characteristic of conditions like borderline personality disorder or ADHD, not schizoid personality disorder. Option B, mentioning magical thinking and suspicious, odd behavior, aligns more with symptoms of conditions like schizophrenia or paranoid personality disorder, rather than schizoid personality disorder. Option C, which describes behaviors of being distrustful, cold, and often angry, is more indicative of traits seen in individuals with paranoid personality disorder, not schizoid personality disorder. Educationally, understanding the specific behavioral characteristics associated with different personality disorders is crucial for nurses in providing effective care and support tailored to each individual's needs. By recognizing the unique patterns of behavior associated with schizoid personality disorder, nurses can better assess, plan interventions, and communicate with these individuals in a way that respects their preferences and promotes their well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C) to be nonthreatening and nonjudgmental during the interview with the elderly client who may have been abused by the neighbor is the correct approach. This is because being nonthreatening and nonjudgmental creates a safe and supportive environment for the client to disclose sensitive information about potential abuse. It helps in building trust and rapport with the client, which is crucial in facilitating open communication and providing appropriate care and support. Option A) being confrontational is wrong because it can further intimidate and distress the client, making them less likely to share their experiences. Option B) blaming the patient for the abuse is inappropriate and can lead to feelings of guilt and shame, hindering the therapeutic relationship. Option D) avoiding asking the client about potential abuse is detrimental as it overlooks the duty of healthcare professionals to address and intervene in cases of suspected abuse, potentially putting the client at continued risk. Educationally, it is important for healthcare professionals, especially nurses, to be equipped with communication skills that prioritize empathy, active listening, and nonjudgmental attitude when addressing sensitive issues like abuse. By understanding the significance of creating a safe space for clients to disclose their experiences, nurses can effectively advocate for their well-being and provide appropriate interventions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In communicating with a client who has a cognitive impairment, using short words and simple sentences (option D) is the most appropriate approach. This is because individuals with cognitive impairments may have difficulty processing complex information or following lengthy explanations. Using short words and simple sentences helps to ensure clear and effective communication, making it easier for the client to understand and respond appropriately. Option A, providing complete explanations with multiple details, would not be suitable as it can overwhelm a client with a cognitive impairment, leading to confusion and potential frustration. Similarly, option C, using stimulating words and phrases, may be distracting and make it harder for the client to focus on the main message. Option B, using pictures or gestures instead of words, can be a helpful strategy in communication with individuals who have cognitive impairments as visual aids can enhance understanding. However, in this context, the question specifically asks about communication with words, making option D the most appropriate choice. Educationally, understanding how to effectively communicate with clients who have cognitive impairments is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially nurses. By using clear and simple language, nurses can ensure that important information is conveyed accurately and that clients feel supported and understood in their healthcare interactions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Boundaries are the social, physical, and emotional limits of the interaction. As such, they serve to define the responsibilities and duties of the nurse in relation to the patient. Objectives and roles are determined during the orientation stage. Emergence of undesired material may be a significant issue for the patient.