ATI RN
Safety Pharmacology Across the Lifespan ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A provider may consider testing for CYP2D6 variants prior to starting tamoxifen for breast cancer to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because CYP2D6 enzyme metabolizes tamoxifen into its active form, endoxifen. Poor metabolizers of tamoxifen may have reduced efficacy and increased risk of therapeutic failure. Testing for CYP2D6 variants can help identify these individuals. Choice B is incorrect because adverse drug reactions are not directly related to CYP2D6 metabolism. Choice C is incorrect as CYP2D6 testing does not assess for drug interactions. Choice D is incorrect as poor metabolizers may experience therapeutic failure due to reduced metabolism, not increased likelihood.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following terms best describes the mechanism of action of metoprolol?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Beta one selective. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that selectively targets beta-1 receptors in the heart, reducing heart rate and blood pressure. This specificity minimizes side effects compared to nonselective beta-blockers. Choice A is incorrect because metoprolol does not primarily act as an A1 antagonist. Choice C is incorrect as metoprolol is not nonselective and does not block alpha receptors. Choice D is incorrect because metoprolol does not block alpha receptors at all.
Question 3 of 5
Mild acne may be initially treated with:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: OTC benzoyl peroxide. Initially treating mild acne with OTC benzoyl peroxide is effective as it helps to kill acne-causing bacteria, reduce inflammation, and unclog pores. It is a common first-line treatment for mild acne due to its efficacy and accessibility. Minocycline (B) is an oral antibiotic usually reserved for moderate to severe acne. Topical combined antibiotic (C) and topical retinoid (D) are also effective treatments, but typically prescribed for more moderate to severe cases of acne. Benzoyl peroxide is a safe and cost-effective option for mild acne, making it the best choice for initial treatment.
Question 4 of 5
VT has a history of subtherapeutic anticoagulation on warfarin (due to poor adherence) until the administration time was changed from evening to morning. The patient also frequently skips meals and takes antacids for reflux. The patient wants to take all medications at the same time of day. Select the statin that is optimal for this patient wanting to take medications in the morning.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Atorvastatin (Lipitor). Atorvastatin has a long half-life and can be taken at any time of day, making it suitable for this patient who wants to take all medications in the morning. Lovastatin, Fluvastatin, and Pravastatin have shorter half-lives and are typically recommended to be taken in the evening for optimal efficacy. Therefore, they are not ideal for this patient who wants to consolidate medication administration in the morning.
Question 5 of 5
Which classification of oral hypoglycemic drugs decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity and peripheral glucose uptake?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Biguanide (metformin). Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, which enhances glucose uptake. Sulfonylureas and meglitinides stimulate insulin secretion from the pancreas. Alpha-glycosidase inhibitors delay carbohydrate absorption in the gut. Metformin's dual mechanism of action makes it the correct choice for decreasing hepatic glucose production and increasing insulin sensitivity and peripheral glucose uptake.