A professional football player is seen in the emergency department after losing consciousness from an illegal block. Prior to discharge, the nurse assists the patient to schedule an outpatient computed tomography (CT) scan for the next day. Which strategy should the nurse use to ensure the patient remembers the appointment?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Log the appointment day, time, and location into the player's cell phone calendar feature. This method utilizes technology to set a reminder for the appointment, increasing the likelihood of the patient remembering. By inputting the information directly into the player's cell phone calendar, it serves as a tangible reminder that the patient will frequently access. This strategy leverages the convenience and accessibility of smartphones, enhancing the chances of successful appointment attendance. Choice A is less effective because a piece of paper can be lost or forgotten easily. Choice C is unnecessary as the patient does not require hospital admission for a routine CT scan appointment. Choice D relies solely on verbal communication which may not be as reliable as a digital reminder in a traumatic situation where the patient may be disoriented or forgetful.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A - An obese adult. Obesity is a risk factor for sleep fragmentation due to conditions like sleep apnea. Excess weight can lead to airway obstruction during sleep, resulting in interrupted breathing and disrupted sleep patterns. Toddlers attending day care (choice B) may experience disruptions but not necessarily as consistently as obese adults. Mild osteoarthritis (choice C) may cause discomfort but is not directly linked to sleep fragmentation. An adolescent with anorexia nervosa (choice D) may have sleep disturbances, but obesity poses a higher risk for sleep fragmentation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the master biological clock, known as the circadian rhythm, responds to darkness by signaling the release of melatonin, a hormone that regulates the sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin production increases in response to darkness, signaling the body that it is time to sleep. This process is crucial for maintaining a regular sleep pattern. B: Darkness actually stimulates the release of melatonin, not histamine, to promote sleep. C: Cooler temperatures may contribute to better sleep, but it is the response to darkness, not temperature, that primarily triggers sleep. D: The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the body's fight-or-flight response, which is not conducive to sleep.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. This disorder is characterized by vivid, violent dreams during REM sleep leading to physical movements or behaviors, such as hitting or kicking. In this case, the man's description of defending himself against attackers and then realizing he has been hitting his wife aligns with the symptoms of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. This disorder typically occurs in older adults and can result in harm to the individual or their sleep partner. - A: Sleep paralysis involves the inability to move or speak while falling asleep or upon waking up, not violent behaviors. - B: Night terror disorder involves sudden awakenings with intense fear or terror, not typically involving physical harm to others. - C: Sleep-related bruxism is the grinding or clenching of teeth during sleep, not associated with violent dreams or behaviors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Circadian drives refer to the body's internal clock regulating sleep-wake cycles. 2. Daytime naps disrupt this cycle, affecting the quality of nighttime sleep. 3. Nighttime sleep is essential for complete restorative functions like deep sleep stages. 4. Daytime naps may not provide the same physiological benefits as nighttime sleep. 5. Thus, the nurse's response highlights the structural differences between daytime naps and nighttime sleep, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing nighttime sleep for optimal rest and restoration. Summary: - Option B: While the body clock operates on a 24-hour cycle, it doesn't address the structural differences in sleep quality between daytime naps and nighttime sleep. - Option C: Habit and expectation are factors, but the physiological differences between daytime naps and nighttime sleep are more crucial. - Option D: While melatonin aids sleep, the focus here is on the structural differences between daytime naps and nighttime sleep.