ATI RN
Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A preterm newborn requires oxygen and mechanical ventilation. Which complications should the nurse assess for?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Preterm newborns who require oxygen and mechanical ventilation are at risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and pneumothorax. BPD is a chronic lung disease that can occur in premature infants who have been on mechanical ventilation and supplemental oxygen. Pneumothorax is another common complication in preterm newborns due to the fragility of their lungs. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor for signs and symptoms of these complications in a preterm newborn requiring oxygen and mechanical ventilation.
Question 2 of 5
The ductus arteriosus is another fetal structure that is important in the intrauterine life. It functions to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus is a fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta. Its main function is to bypass the non-functional fetal lungs by shunting blood from the pulmonary artery (which carries deoxygenated blood) directly to the systemic circulation, specifically the aorta. This allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to be distributed to the body's organs and tissues without having to first pass through the lungs for oxygen exchange. After birth, when the baby begins to breathe and oxygenate its blood through the lungs, the ductus arteriosus normally closes within the first few days to weeks of life.
Question 3 of 5
Hemangiomas are the most common benign tumors of infancy, occurring more in full-term infants. Of the following, the most common risk factor of development of hemangioma is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Female infants are at higher risk for developing hemangiomas.
Question 4 of 5
The client is being evaluated for hypothyroidism. During assessment, the nurse should stay alert for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct assessment findings to stay alert for when evaluating for hypothyroidism are decreased body temperature and cold intolerance. Hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, leading to a decrease in metabolic rate. This can result in symptoms such as feeling cold all the time and a lower body temperature. Therefore, the nurse should keep an eye out for these symptoms during the assessment of a client being evaluated for hypothyroidism. Symptoms such as exophthalmos and conjunctival redness are more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism.
Question 5 of 5
What does nursing care of the newborn with oral candidiasis (thrush) include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nursing care of the newborn with oral candidiasis (thrush) includes applying medication to the oral mucosa, being careful that none is ingested. This is because oral candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by Candida fungus, and treating it requires antifungal medication to effectively clear the infection. It is crucial to apply the medication directly to the affected oral mucosa to target and eliminate the fungus. Care must be taken to ensure that none of the medication is accidentally ingested by the newborn during the application process. This approach helps provide direct treatment to the affected area and promotes quicker resolution of oral thrush.