ATI RN
Maternal Fetal Monitoring Questions
Question 1 of 5
A pregnant woman states, “My husband hopes I will give him a boy because we have three girls.” What will the nurse explain to this woman?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) If a sperm carrying a Y chromosome fertilizes an ovum, then a boy is produced. Explanation: In human reproduction, the sex of the child is determined by the chromosomes contributed by the parents. The father's sperm carries either an X or a Y chromosome, while the mother's ovum carries an X chromosome. When a sperm carrying a Y chromosome fertilizes the ovum, the resulting combination (XY) leads to the development of a male child. Therefore, if the pregnant woman's husband's sperm carrying a Y chromosome fertilizes her ovum, she is more likely to have a boy. Why other options are wrong: A) Option A is correct in explaining that the sex chromosome of the fertilized ovum determines the gender of the child, but it does not directly address the specific scenario presented in the question. B) Option B incorrectly states that there is a 75% chance the child will be a girl when the sperm and ovum are united, which is not accurate. C) Option C incorrectly correlates the pH of the female reproductive tract with the gender of the child, which is not supported by scientific evidence. Educational context: Understanding the basic principles of genetics and how sex determination occurs is crucial in maternal-fetal monitoring. Educating pregnant women about the genetic factors involved in determining the sex of their child can help them have realistic expectations and accurate knowledge about the process of conception and fetal development. It also empowers them to make informed decisions regarding family planning and prenatal care.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is presenting a conference on gene dominance. What does the nurse report as the percentage of children carrying the dominant gene if one parent has a dominant gene and the other parent does not?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context of gene dominance, understanding the principles of inheritance is crucial. When one parent carries a dominant gene and the other parent does not, the dominant gene will be expressed in the offspring. This is because dominant genes mask the expression of recessive genes. Therefore, the correct answer is C) 50%. Option A) 10% is incorrect because, in this scenario, the dominant gene will be expressed in 50% of the offspring, not just 10%. Option B) 25% is incorrect as well because it represents the percentage of offspring who would carry two recessive genes if both parents were carriers of the recessive gene. Option D) 100% is incorrect because if one parent does not carry the dominant gene, then it is not possible for all children to carry the dominant gene. In an educational context, comprehending gene dominance is fundamental for healthcare professionals, especially in pharmacology and genetics. Understanding how genes are inherited is vital for predicting the likelihood of certain traits or genetic conditions being passed down through generations. This knowledge is essential for providing informed genetic counseling to patients and making decisions about treatment options based on genetic factors.
Question 3 of 5
What are the functions of amniotic fluid? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The amniotic fluid provides maintenance of even temperature; prevents amnion from adhering to fetal skin; allows buoyancy, symmetrical growth, and fetal movement; and acts as a cushion for the fetus. Although the fetus does swallow amniotic fluid, it has no nutritional value. Impeding excessive fetal movement and lubricating fetal skin are not primary functions of amniotic fluid.
Question 4 of 5
A pregnant patient’s biophysical profile score is 8. The patient asks the nurse to explain the results. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate response for the nurse to provide to the pregnant patient in this scenario is option A) The test results are within normal limits. This response is correct because a biophysical profile score of 8 is considered normal. A biophysical profile assesses the baby's well-being by evaluating factors such as fetal heart rate, fetal movement, breathing movements, muscle tone, and the amount of amniotic fluid. Option B) Immediate birth by cesarean birth is being considered is incorrect because a score of 8 does not typically warrant immediate delivery. Option C) Further testing will be performed to determine the meaning of this score is also incorrect as a score of 8 is generally considered reassuring and does not typically require additional testing. Option D) An obstetric specialist will evaluate the results of this profile and, within the next week, will inform you of your options regarding birth is incorrect as immediate action is not necessary based on the provided score. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the interpretation of biophysical profile scores to provide accurate information and reassurance to pregnant patients. Clear communication with patients about test results can help alleviate anxiety and ensure they are well-informed about their pregnancy status.
Question 5 of 5
Which factors should be considered a contraindication for transcervical chorionic villus sampling?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Transcervical chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a prenatal diagnostic procedure used to detect genetic abnormalities in the fetus. The correct answer is D) Positive for group B Streptococcus, as this is a contraindication for CVS due to the risk of ascending infection. Group B Streptococcus can lead to complications such as chorioamnionitis and preterm labor, making it unsafe to perform CVS in these cases. Option A) Rh-negative mother is not a contraindication for CVS as it is not directly related to the procedure or its risks. Option B) Gestation less than 15 weeks is not a contraindication but rather a factor to consider in determining the timing of CVS, as it is typically performed between 10-13 weeks of gestation. Option C) Maternal age younger than 35 years is also not a contraindication for CVS but rather a general demographic factor that may influence the decision to undergo prenatal genetic testing. Educationally, it is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the contraindications and appropriate indications for prenatal diagnostic procedures like CVS to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes. Understanding the specific risks associated with certain conditions, such as Group B Streptococcus infection in this case, is essential in clinical decision-making and providing quality care to pregnant individuals.