A pregnant woman informs the nurse that her last normal menstrual period was on September 20, 2012. Using Nagele’s rule, the nurse calculates the client’s estimated date of delivery as:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) June 27, 2013. Nagele's rule is a standard method used to estimate the expected date of delivery (EDD) by adding 7 days to the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP), subtracting 3 months, and then adding a year. Using this rule, the nurse would calculate the EDD as June 27, 2013. Option A) May 30, 2013, is incorrect because it does not account for the correct calculation using Nagele's rule. Option B) June 20, 2013, is also incorrect as it does not follow the proper calculation method. Option D) July 3, 2013, is wrong as it does not align with Nagele's rule calculation based on the LMP provided. Educationally, understanding how to calculate the estimated date of delivery is crucial for healthcare providers working in maternal-fetal care. It helps in monitoring the progress of the pregnancy, scheduling prenatal visits, and assessing fetal growth and development. Nagele's rule is a simple yet effective method that aids in predicting the EDD and is a fundamental concept in obstetric pharmacology and care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When counseling a Chinese immigrant, the nurse should consider cultural beliefs and practices that may impact maternal and fetal health. Option D, "Many Chinese believe strawberries cause birth defects," is the correct choice. This is important because understanding and respecting cultural beliefs can help build trust and improve communication with the patient. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly address a specific cultural belief that could impact maternal or fetal health. While it is important for the nurse to be aware of dietary habits and health conditions prevalent in certain populations, in this case, the focus is on a specific cultural belief regarding strawberries and birth defects. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of cultural competence in healthcare. Nurses and healthcare providers need to be sensitive to the cultural beliefs and practices of their patients to provide holistic and patient-centered care. Understanding and addressing cultural beliefs can lead to better outcomes and patient satisfaction. It also emphasizes the need for effective communication and counseling strategies that take into account the cultural background of the patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Strawberries and potatoes. Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is essential during pregnancy for fetal development and maternal health. Strawberries and potatoes are rich natural sources of vitamin C, crucial for collagen synthesis, iron absorption, and immune function. Barley, brown rice, buckwheat, lentils, wheat flour, and figs are not significant sources of vitamin C compared to strawberries and potatoes. Educationally, understanding dietary sources of essential nutrients like vitamin C is vital for nurses working in maternal-fetal care. Recommending the right foods can help pregnant women meet their nutritional needs, supporting healthy pregnancies and reducing the risk of complications. Nurses should be knowledgeable about nutrition to provide accurate guidance and support to pregnant women in optimizing their health and the health of their babies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Kidneys secrete urine. Quickening is the term used to describe the first fetal movements felt by a pregnant woman, usually occurring around 16-20 weeks of gestation. This milestone coincides with the development of the fetal kidneys, which begin to produce urine around the same time. Option A) "Fetal heart begins to beat" is incorrect because the fetal heart actually starts beating around 6 weeks into pregnancy, much earlier than the time of quickening. Option B) "Lanugo covers the body" is incorrect as lanugo, the fine hair that covers a fetus, typically appears around 17-20 weeks but is not directly related to quickening. Option D) "Fingernails begin to form" is incorrect as fingernails start forming earlier in pregnancy, around 11-12 weeks, and are not specifically linked to the timing of quickening. Understanding these developmental milestones in pregnancy is important for healthcare providers in monitoring the progress of the fetus and ensuring proper maternal and fetal health. Knowing the timing of when certain changes occur helps in assessing the well-being of both the mother and the developing baby.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Maternal mortality rates are typically expressed as the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. This metric focuses specifically on deaths related to pregnancy or childbirth complications among women who have given birth, making option A the correct choice. Options B, C, and D refer to broader populations or less relevant denominators, which do not align with standard definitions of maternal mortality rates.