A pregnant patient with significant iron-deficiency anemia is prescribed iron supplements. The patient explains to the nurse that she cannot take iron because it makes her nauseous. What is the best response by the nurse?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Try taking the iron at bedtime on an empty stomach." Taking iron on an empty stomach at bedtime can help reduce nausea because there are fewer digestive interactions. Iron supplements are best absorbed on an empty stomach. Taking them with food or other beverages can worsen gastrointestinal side effects. Option A is incorrect as orange juice may increase the likelihood of nausea due to its acidity. Option B is incorrect as patient comfort and adherence are important considerations. Option C is incorrect as milk can decrease iron absorption.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (Grains and legumes) because when combined, they provide all essential amino acids needed for a vegan pregnant patient. Grains are low in lysine but high in methionine, while legumes are high in lysine but low in methionine. By consuming both, the patient can achieve a complete protein profile. Choice A (Eggs and beans) is incorrect as vegans do not consume eggs. Choice B (Fruits and vegetables) lacks adequate protein and essential amino acids. Choice D (Vitamin and mineral supplements) is important for overall health but does not provide the necessary amino acids.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Add foods such as nuts, dried fruit, and broccoli to the diet. This recommendation is best because these foods are good sources of calcium and are also lactose-free, which is important for a pregnant patient with lactose intolerance. Nuts and dried fruits are rich in calcium, while broccoli is a good vegetable source of calcium. Choice B is incorrect because consuming dairy products can exacerbate symptoms of lactose intolerance, even with an anti-gas product. Choice C is incorrect because while dark leafy vegetables are good sources of calcium, they may not provide enough for a pregnant patient's needs. Choice D is incorrect because powdered milk still contains lactose and may not be well-tolerated by someone with lactose intolerance.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Spinach, orange juice, and fortified bran flakes are high in folic acid, which is essential for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus. Spinach is rich in folate, the natural form of folic acid. Orange juice is often fortified with folic acid, and fortified bran flakes also contain high levels of folic acid. A, B, and C are incorrect choices because they do not contain foods that are particularly high in folic acid. While peaches, yogurt, tofu, strawberries, milk, tuna, asparagus, lemonade, and chicken breast are all nutritious choices, they are not as rich in folic acid as the foods listed in option D. It is crucial for the patient to focus on foods with high folic acid content to support a healthy pregnancy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Try eating peanut butter on whole wheat bread right before going to bed.' This recommendation is based on the fact that consuming a small snack high in protein and complex carbohydrates before going to bed can help stabilize blood sugar levels and reduce morning sickness symptoms in pregnant women. Peanut butter provides protein and whole wheat bread provides complex carbohydrates, which can help alleviate nausea and vomiting. Choice A is incorrect because asking about cheese does not address the patient's symptoms or provide any practical guidance for managing morning sickness. Choice B is incorrect because increasing the number of meals may not necessarily alleviate morning sickness and could potentially exacerbate symptoms. Choice D is incorrect because suggesting that eating enough throughout the day will prevent sickness oversimplifies the issue and does not offer targeted advice for managing morning sickness.