ATI RN
Pharmacology Across the Lifespan ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A pregnant patient with a history of thrombosis. With prophylactic treatment would you prescribe?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Enoxaparin. Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin commonly used for thrombosis prophylaxis in pregnant patients due to its safety profile. It does not cross the placenta, reducing the risk of fetal bleeding. Alteplase (B) is a thrombolytic agent used for acute thrombotic events, not prophylaxis. Clopidogrel (C) is an antiplatelet drug and not recommended during pregnancy due to potential fetal harm. Warfarin (D) is contraindicated in pregnancy due to teratogenic effects and risks of fetal bleeding.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with a history of moderate to severe headache pain associated with nausea and vomiting is diagnosed with migraines. Which medication would the NP prescribe initially?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sumatriptan. Sumatriptan is a specific medication used for acute migraine treatment by targeting serotonin receptors to reduce inflammation and pain. It is the initial choice due to its efficacy in relieving migraine symptoms. Meperidine (A) and Butorphanol (B) are opioid analgesics with potential for abuse and not recommended for routine migraine treatment. Aspirin (C) is a non-specific pain reliever and may not provide adequate relief for migraines compared to specific migraine medications like Sumatriptan.
Question 3 of 5
A 38-year old female is seen in your office complaining of cold intolerance, fatigue, dry skin, weight gain, and heavy menstrual periods. Her physical exam showed a HR 58 bpm and a waxy sallow complexion and a firm goiter. Her TSH level is 34 Mu/L. What is the recommended treatment for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Initiate levothyroxine dose 0.1mg PO every morning and recheck her TSH in 6 weeks. Rationale: 1. The patient presents with symptoms of hypothyroidism (cold intolerance, fatigue, weight gain, heavy menstrual periods) and has elevated TSH levels, indicating primary hypothyroidism. 2. The recommended initial levothyroxine dose for adults with hypothyroidism is 1.6 mcg/kg/day, which translates to approximately 100 mcg (0.1mg) for a 60kg person. 3. Starting with a dose of 0.1mg PO every morning is appropriate to avoid rapid correction and potential adverse effects. 4. Rechecking TSH levels in 6 weeks allows for assessment of treatment response and adjustment of the levothyroxine dose if needed. Summary: A: Starting with 0.025 mg of levothyroxine is too low
Question 4 of 5
Primary hypothyroidism may be suspected in what scenario?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: If TSH high. In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland fails to produce enough thyroid hormones, leading to elevated TSH levels as the body tries to stimulate the thyroid to produce more hormones. A high TSH is indicative of the pituitary gland's response to low thyroid hormone levels. Choices A, C, and D do not align with the typical hormonal profile seen in primary hypothyroidism. A high TSH is the key marker for suspecting primary hypothyroidism.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is an important consideration when taking glyburide or glipizide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Beta blockers reduce effects. Beta blockers can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia caused by glyburide or glipizide, leading to delayed recognition and treatment. This interaction is important for patients with diabetes as it can increase the risk of severe hypoglycemia. A: NSAIDs do not have a significant impact on the effectiveness of glyburide or glipizide. B: Statins do not interfere with the action of these medications. D: ACE inhibitors do not reduce the effects of glyburide or glipizide. In summary, beta blockers are a crucial consideration when taking glyburide or glipizide due to their potential to mask hypoglycemic symptoms, while NSAIDs, statins, and ACE inhibitors do not significantly affect the effectiveness of these medications.