A pregnant patient is at 30 weeks gestation and is concerned about gestational diabetes. Which of the following is a key sign that the nurse should monitor for?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Frequent urination and excessive thirst. In gestational diabetes, the body may not be able to produce enough insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. The excess sugar in the blood can cause increased thirst and frequent urination as the body tries to eliminate the sugar through urine. This is a key sign that the nurse should monitor for in a pregnant patient at 30 weeks gestation. Nausea and vomiting after meals (B) are more commonly associated with morning sickness in early pregnancy. Increased appetite and weight gain (C) can occur during pregnancy but are not specific signs of gestational diabetes. Fatigue and dizziness during physical activity (D) can be common in pregnancy due to hormonal changes and increased demands on the body but are not specific to gestational diabetes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because getting up slowly and taking small sips of water throughout the day helps maintain blood pressure and hydration, which can improve symptoms of feeling faint and lightheaded during pregnancy. Lying down immediately (choice A) may not address the underlying issue of potential low blood pressure. Taking deep breaths and drinking a cold beverage (choice B) may not address the need for increased fluid intake and gradual position changes. Sitting upright and monitoring symptoms (choice D) may not actively address the immediate need for hydration and blood pressure management.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because excessive weight gain during pregnancy can lead to complications like gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. As the nurse, it is important to educate the patient on the risks associated with excessive weight gain. By highlighting these potential complications, the nurse can emphasize the importance of monitoring weight gain and making healthy choices. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not address the risks of excessive weight gain. Choice D is also incorrect as it suggests limiting caloric intake, which may not provide adequate nutrition for the growing fetus. It is crucial to educate the patient on the importance of a balanced diet and healthy weight gain to promote a healthy pregnancy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because educating the patient about safe exercise and nutrition practices is crucial in managing gestational diabetes. Exercise and proper nutrition help control blood glucose levels and reduce the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby. Monitoring blood glucose levels and administering insulin (choice A) are important but not the priority at this stage. Avoiding all carbohydrates (choice C) is not recommended as balanced carbohydrate intake is essential. Regular ultrasounds (choice D) are important but do not directly address managing gestational diabetes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increasing physical activity and monitoring blood glucose levels. This is because physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity and manage blood glucose levels in gestational diabetes. Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential to ensure they are within the target range for both the mother and baby's health. Administering insulin (B) may be necessary in some cases but is not the first-line approach. Eating larger meals (C) can lead to higher blood sugar levels and does not prevent hypoglycemia. Limiting fluid intake (D) is not recommended as it can lead to dehydration and does not directly impact blood sugar fluctuations.