A pregnant patient has lactose intolerance. Which recommendation will the nurse provide to best help the patient meet dietary needs for calcium?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Add foods such as nuts, dried fruit, and broccoli to the diet. This recommendation is best because these foods are good sources of calcium and are also lactose-free, which is important for a pregnant patient with lactose intolerance. Nuts and dried fruits are rich in calcium, while broccoli is a good vegetable source of calcium. Choice B is incorrect because consuming dairy products can exacerbate symptoms of lactose intolerance, even with an anti-gas product. Choice C is incorrect because while dark leafy vegetables are good sources of calcium, they may not provide enough for a pregnant patient's needs. Choice D is incorrect because powdered milk still contains lactose and may not be well-tolerated by someone with lactose intolerance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Try eating peanut butter on whole wheat bread right before going to bed.' This recommendation is based on the fact that consuming a small snack high in protein and complex carbohydrates before going to bed can help stabilize blood sugar levels and reduce morning sickness symptoms in pregnant women. Peanut butter provides protein and whole wheat bread provides complex carbohydrates, which can help alleviate nausea and vomiting. Choice A is incorrect because asking about cheese does not address the patient's symptoms or provide any practical guidance for managing morning sickness. Choice B is incorrect because increasing the number of meals may not necessarily alleviate morning sickness and could potentially exacerbate symptoms. Choice D is incorrect because suggesting that eating enough throughout the day will prevent sickness oversimplifies the issue and does not offer targeted advice for managing morning sickness.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Traditional hospital birth. In a traditional hospital birth setting, the separation of parent and infant can occur due to various hospital protocols and procedures. For example, in some hospitals, the baby may be taken to a nursery for monitoring or care after birth, limiting immediate parent-infant interaction. This separation can impact early bonding, breastfeeding initiation, and overall parental involvement in newborn care. Option A) Birth center and Option B) Home birth typically promote increased parent-infant interaction as they often emphasize family-centered care and encourage parents to be actively involved in the birthing process. Birth centers and home births usually support immediate skin-to-skin contact, early breastfeeding, and rooming-in practices, all of which enhance parent-infant bonding. Option D) Labor, birth, and recovery room is not the correct answer as this setting is designed to promote family-centered care and encourage parent-infant interaction. In this setting, parents are typically encouraged to stay together with their newborn to facilitate bonding and care continuity. In an educational context, it is important for prenatal nurse educators to understand the different childbirth settings and their impact on parent-infant interaction. By discussing these options with expectant parents, educators can help them make informed decisions about where they would like to give birth based on their preferences for parent-infant bonding and involvement in the early postpartum period.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of maternal and reproductive health clients, teaching the patient perineal care is an independent function of the professional nurse because it involves providing essential education to the patient regarding self-care practices. This intervention empowers the patient to take an active role in their own health management, promoting better outcomes and preventing complications. Administering oral analgesics, requesting diagnostic studies, and providing wound care to a surgical incision are all important nursing interventions, but they typically require a healthcare provider's order or prescription. These actions involve a level of decision-making that goes beyond the independent scope of practice for a nurse. In an educational context, understanding the distinction between independent nursing functions and actions that require provider authorization is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care. Nurses must be able to recognize when they can autonomously perform interventions based on their scope of practice and when they need to collaborate with other healthcare team members or seek guidance from a provider. This knowledge ensures patient safety and quality care delivery in maternal and reproductive health settings.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the nursing process, the correct step for determining appropriate interventions for identified nursing diagnoses is Planning, which is option A. Planning occurs after the nurse has completed the assessment and analysis of the client's data to establish nursing diagnoses. In this phase, the nurse collaborates with the client to set goals, prioritize nursing interventions, and develop a comprehensive plan of care tailored to the individual's specific needs. Option B, Evaluation, is incorrect because evaluation is about assessing the outcomes of the interventions to determine if they have been effective in meeting the desired goals. Option C, Assessment, is also incorrect as assessment is the initial phase of the nursing process where data is collected to identify health issues. Option D, Intervention, is not the correct answer as interventions are implemented after the planning phase to address the identified nursing diagnoses based on the formulated care plan. Understanding the nursing process is essential for nurses as it provides a systematic framework to deliver individualized care, promote critical thinking, and improve patient outcomes. By correctly identifying the planning phase as the step for determining interventions, nurses can ensure that their care is evidence-based, holistic, and meets the unique needs of maternal and reproductive health clients.