A pregnant patient asks the nurse if she can double her prenatal vitamin dose because she does not like to eat vegetables. What is the nurse's response regarding the danger of taking excessive vitamins?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Has toxic effects on the fetus. Doubling prenatal vitamin dose can lead to excessive intake of certain vitamins like Vitamin A, which can be harmful to the fetus. Excessive vitamins can cause toxicity and harm the developing baby. Other choices are incorrect: A is irrelevant, C is misleading, and D is not related to excessive vitamin intake.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vasoconstriction. Both smoking and cocaine use can lead to vasoconstriction, which is the narrowing of blood vessels. In pregnant patients, this can reduce blood flow to the fetus, leading to potential complications. Increased appetite (B) and increased metabolism (C) are not common responses to both smoking and cocaine use. Changes in insulin metabolism (D) are more commonly associated with conditions like gestational diabetes rather than as a common response to smoking and cocaine use during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because evaluating the pattern of weight gain in pregnancy helps identify potential nutritional problems or complications. Monitoring weight gain can indicate if the woman is receiving adequate nutrition for fetal development, detect issues like gestational diabetes or pre-eclampsia, and ensure overall maternal and fetal health. Incorrect choice analysis: A: Preventing excessive adipose tissue deposits is important, but the primary reason for evaluating weight gain in pregnancy is to identify nutritional problems and complications. B: Cultural influences on diet are relevant but not the most important reason for evaluating weight gain. C: Limiting caloric intake in obese women is important, but evaluating weight gain is more about ensuring proper nutrition and detecting complications rather than focusing solely on caloric restriction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Legumes. Legumes such as chickpeas, lentils, and beans are rich sources of calcium. They provide a plant-based alternative for calcium intake. Legumes are also high in fiber, protein, and other essential nutrients beneficial for pregnancy. Lean meat (B) and yellow vegetables (D) are not significant sources of calcium. While whole grains (C) offer some calcium, they are not as high in calcium content as legumes. Therefore, for a pregnant patient looking to increase calcium intake without relying on dairy products, legumes are the most recommended food group.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because identifying the food preferences and methods of food preparation common to the patient's culture is crucial in understanding cultural influences on their diet. This step helps the nurse tailor dietary recommendations that align with the patient's cultural background and preferences, promoting better adherence and health outcomes. Option A is incorrect as weight gain during pregnancy is not directly related to cultural influences on diet. Option B, assessing socioeconomic status, is important but not the primary action for understanding cultural influences on diet. Option C, discussing the four food groups, is too generic and does not specifically address cultural influences on diet.