A postpartum patient informs the nurse of a frequent urge and burning when attempting to urinate. The nurse reviews the patient’s medical record and associates which risk factors related to a possible urinary tract infection (UTI)? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Poor oral fluid intake. Postpartum patients are at increased risk for UTIs due to physiological changes and decreased fluid intake. Poor hydration can lead to concentrated urine, making it easier for bacteria to grow. Neonatal macrosomia (A) and use of a vacuum extractor (B) are not directly associated with UTIs. While a urinary catheter during labor (D) can increase the risk of UTIs, it is not the most relevant factor in this scenario compared to poor oral fluid intake.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, postpartum endometritis. This infection is commonly caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and chorioamnionitis. Endometritis is inflammation of the endometrium lining the uterus after childbirth. Mastitis (A) is a breast infection, pneumonia (B) is a lung infection, and cesarean wound infection (C) is an infection at the site of the cesarean incision. These options are incorrect as they do not specifically relate to the postpartum infection caused by STIs and chorioamnionitis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: WBCs 10,000. An elevated white blood cell count (WBC) is a common sign of infection as the body produces more WBCs to fight off pathogens. This increase in WBC count is known as leukocytosis and is a key indicator of an ongoing infection. In contrast, choices A, B, and C are not direct indicators of infection. A painful fundal massage may suggest uterine atony, breast-feeding every 2-3 hours is a normal part of postpartum care, and a pulse rate of 72 is within the normal range. Therefore, the most reliable assessment finding suggesting a possible infection is an elevated WBC count.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A. Provide antipyretic. Rationale: 1. Mastitis is an inflammation of the breast tissue usually caused by infection. 2. Antipyretics help reduce fever, a common symptom of infection. 3. Providing antipyretics can help alleviate discomfort and promote healing. 4. Stopping antibiotics when redness is resolved (choice B) may lead to recurrence of infection. 5. Encouraging the person to stop breast-feeding (choice C) can negatively impact milk production and bonding. 6. Starting an IV and preparing for signs of sepsis (choice D) is an extreme measure not indicated unless sepsis is confirmed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because using a peri-bottle for cleaning front to back helps prevent introducing more bacteria into the infected perineal laceration. This method maintains proper hygiene, reduces the risk of further infection, and promotes healing. A urinary catheter (A) is not typically indicated for a perineal laceration infection. An abdominal binder (B) may provide support but does not directly address the infection. Discouraging pain medications (D) is not appropriate as pain management is important for patient comfort and healing.