Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Educating the client about the "baby blues" phenomenon should be prioritized as it is a common occurrence that happens to many women after giving birth. The "baby blues" refer to feelings of sadness, irritability, and tearfulness that many new mothers experience due to hormonal changes and the stress of adjusting to motherhood. By understanding that these feelings are a normal part of the postpartum period and that they usually resolve on their own within a few weeks, the client may feel reassured and supported. Providing information and support can help the client cope with these emotions and reduce any anxiety or distress they may be feeling. If the client's emotional state does not improve or becomes more severe, further intervention such as referring to a mental health professional may be necessary. But initially, education and reassurance about the "baby blues" can be an effective nursing intervention to address the client's emotional well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious complication in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the ICU. The priority intervention to manage respiratory infection in a patient with VAP is the administration of appropriate antibiotics to target and eliminate the causative pathogens. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are usually initiated empirically to cover a wide range of potential pathogens commonly associated with VAP, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter species. Timely initiation of antibiotic therapy is crucial in improving outcomes and reducing morbidity and mortality associated with VAP. Other interventions like endotracheal suctioning, oral hygiene measures, and early mobilization are also important in preventing complications and promoting recovery, but the primary focus should be on treating the infection with antibiotics.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Dry cough is the most commonly reported adverse effect associated with lisinopril therapy. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor, and the mechanism behind the cough is not completely understood but is thought to be related to the accumulation of bradykinin and substance P. This annoying dry cough can be a persistent issue for some patients on lisinopril, and it typically resolves once the medication is discontinued. Patients who experience this side effect should not ignore it and should consult their healthcare provider for further evaluation and possible alternative medication options. Hyperkalemia, hypertension, and bradycardia are not commonly associated adverse effects of lisinopril therapy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Bruxism is the dental condition characterized by the involuntary grinding or clenching of teeth, often occurring during sleep. This habitual behavior can lead to tooth wear, muscle pain, headaches, and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Dental caries (choice A) refers to tooth decay, while attrition (choice B) specifically refers to the wearing down of teeth due to forces like chewing. Periodontitis (choice D) is a condition involving inflammation and infection of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. Among the choices provided, bruxism is the most fitting description for the condition characterized by tooth grinding and clenching.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presentation described is characteristic of acute angle-closure glaucoma. This condition typically presents with sudden-onset severe eye pain, headache, nausea, and vomiting. On examination, the affected eye may appear red due to conjunctival injection, and there may be a steamy cornea due to corneal edema. The mid-dilated, non-reactive pupil is a key finding in angle-closure glaucoma, as the iris bombe (forward movement of the peripheral iris) blocks the drainage angle, leading to increased intraocular pressure. If left untreated, acute angle-closure glaucoma can result in irreversible vision loss. Immediate intervention is crucial to lower the intraocular pressure and prevent further damage to the optic nerve. Prompt referral to an ophthalmologist for definitive treatment is necessary in cases of suspected acute angle-closure glaucoma.