Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sudden chest pain, dyspnea, and tachycardia in a postpartum client can be indicative of serious conditions such as pulmonary embolism or myocardial infarction. These conditions are emergencies that require immediate medical attention. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately is the priority to ensure prompt evaluation and intervention to address the potential life-threatening situation. While other nursing interventions such as elevating the head of the bed, providing supplemental oxygen therapy, and administering analgesics may be necessary, they should be done after notifying the healthcare provider to ensure appropriate management of the underlying cause.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cleaning the inner cannula daily helps prevent the accumulation of secretions and debris, which can lead to blockages and infections. It is an essential aspect of tracheostomy care to maintain the patency of the airway and prevent complications. Caregivers should be taught how to safely remove, clean, and reinsert the inner cannula as part of routine tracheostomy care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The presentation described in the question (sensation of fullness and pressure in the left ear, hearing loss, occasional tinnitus, retracted tympanic membrane with decreased mobility on pneumatic otoscopy) is suggestive of serous otitis media, also known as otitis media with effusion. Serous otitis media occurs when fluid accumulates in the middle ear without signs of infection. This buildup of fluid in the middle ear space can cause the tympanic membrane to retract and reduce its mobility on pneumatic otoscopy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The patient who had a left total hip replacement surgery due to osteoarthritis needs to strictly follow the postoperative teaching of being shown how to gently irrigate the external auditory canal because this instruction is unrelated to a hip replacement surgery. The other options are not relevant to the surgery and patient's condition. Option A about airplane travel, Option C about dizziness, and Option D about hair washing are not appropriate instructions for a patient who had a hip replacement. It is important for healthcare providers to give accurate and relevant postoperative instructions to help the patient recover successfully.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The given patient's symptoms of chest pain that occurs during heavy lifting or physical exertion and is relieved by rest are consistent with stable angina. Stable angina is characterized by predictable chest pain that occurs with exertion and is typically relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. The transient ST-segment depression on ECG is also a common finding in patients with stable angina, which reflects myocardial ischemia during episodes of chest pain triggered by exertion. In contrast, unstable angina is characterized by chest pain at rest or with minimal exertion that is of increasing frequency, severity, or duration. Acute myocardial infarction is associated with persistent ST-segment elevation or new Q-waves on ECG, and Prinzmetal's angina is characterized by chest pain at rest due to coronary artery spasm rather than exertion.