A postpartum client presents with calf pain, swelling, and warmth. Which nursing action is most appropriate?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate nursing action in this scenario is to notify the healthcare provider immediately. The client's presentation of calf pain, swelling, and warmth could be indicative of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is a serious condition that requires prompt evaluation and intervention by the healthcare provider. DVT is a blood clot that forms in a deep vein, often in the leg, and if left untreated, it can lead to life-threatening complications such as pulmonary embolism. Therefore, timely communication with the healthcare provider is critical to ensure that the client receives the appropriate diagnostic testing and treatment to address the potential DVT. Applying warm compresses, encouraging ambulation, or administering NSAIDs would not be the first-line interventions for a suspected DVT and may even worsen the condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common causative organism of bacterial pneumonia in adults. It is responsible for the majority of community-acquired pneumonia cases. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a gram-positive bacteria and is known to cause typical pneumonia characterized by sudden onset of high fever, productive cough with blood-tinged or rust-colored sputum, chest pain, and consolidation on chest imaging. Other organisms like Legionella pneumophila (choice A), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (choice C), and Haemophilus influenzae (choice D) can also cause pneumonia, but Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most likely culprit based on the patient's test results.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In qualitative research, a focus group discussion is a technique where a group of participants are brought together to discuss specific topics in depth. In this case, Nurse Carmi's plan to gather 6 participants who are victims of domestic violence aligns well with the focus group discussion technique. By involving multiple participants who have experienced domestic violence, she can facilitate a dynamic conversation to gather rich data and insights. This approach allows for the exploration of diverse perspectives, experiences, and opinions within the group setting, providing a deeper understanding of the issue at hand. Additionally, focus group discussions can be more cost-effective and efficient than conducting individual interviews when working with a small group of participants. Therefore, conducting a focus group discussion would be an appropriate qualitative research technique for Nurse Carmi's plan to gather data from victims of domestic violence for her questionnaires.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An adequate contraction pattern during labor is characterized by regular contractions occurring at a frequency of three to 5 contractions in a 10-minute period, with resultant cervical dilatation. This pattern indicates efficient uterine activity that is helping to progress labor by dilating the cervix. In option A, the contractions are occurring at an appropriate frequency and are resulting in cervical dilatation, making it the correct choice for indicating an adequate contraction pattern.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nursing diagnosis is the tool used by nurses in the community setting for assessing health needs and problems of families that is similar to the family coping index. Nursing diagnosis involves systematic assessment of a patient's health status, analysis of data, and identification of actual or potential health problems. Just like the family coping index, nursing diagnosis helps nurses to identify key issues and develop a plan of care that addresses the specific needs and challenges faced by the family. This process allows nurses to provide individualized care that supports the family in coping with their health needs and improving their overall well-being.