A positive Froment's sign hints to which nerve being injured?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Froment's sign is a test for ulnar nerve dysfunction. 2. Positive Froment's sign occurs when a person uses their thumb to hold onto an object due to weakened adductor pollicis (innervated by ulnar nerve). 3. Therefore, a positive Froment's sign hints at ulnar nerve injury. Summary: A: Incorrect - Median nerve does not relate to Froment's sign. B: Incorrect - Radial nerve does not relate to Froment's sign. C: Correct - Ulnar nerve is associated with a positive Froment's sign. D: Incorrect - Musculocutaneous nerve does not relate to Froment's sign.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because plica syndrome of the knee refers to an extension or vestigial structure of the protective synovial capsule of the knee becoming irritated or inflamed, leading to anterior knee pain and weakness. This is the most accurate description of the condition. Choice A is incorrect because plica syndrome is not caused by a duplicated meniscus. Choice B is also incorrect as it describes knee pain and weakness related to rheumatoid arthritis, not plica syndrome. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to a synovial fold in the femorotibial joint, which is not specific to plica syndrome.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Lower extremity burns can lead to Achilles tendon shortening due to scar tissue formation, metatarsophalangeal joint hyperextension from contractures, and foot drop as a result of nerve damage or muscle weakness. Each complication is a common consequence of severe lower extremity burns. The other choices (A, B, C) are incorrect because they represent individual complications that can arise from lower extremity burns, but in reality, it is common for patients to experience a combination of these issues rather than just one isolated complication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because phonophoresis involves using ultrasound to drive topical medications into tissue. Ultrasound waves help enhance the penetration of medications through the skin and into deeper tissues. This method is effective for localized pain management and inflammation. Choice B is incorrect because using electric current to drive medications into tissue is known as iontophoresis, not phonophoresis. Choice C is incorrect as massage alone cannot drive topical medications into tissue. Choice D is incorrect because using cold spray to numb a painful area is a form of cryotherapy, not phonophoresis. In summary, phonophoresis involves ultrasound to enhance medication penetration, differing from iontophoresis, massage, and cryotherapy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D - Buerger's disease. Contrast baths involve alternating hot and cold water immersion, which can worsen symptoms in patients with Buerger's disease due to compromised blood flow. For the other options, A: Rheumatoid arthritis and C: Muscular strain are not contraindications, as contrast baths can help with inflammation and improve circulation. B: Complex regional pain syndrome may benefit from contrast baths to help with pain management.