A plain X-Ray film of the abdomen of a normal healthy man is expected to show some gas in all the following except:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Common bile duct. Gas is not typically present in the common bile duct in a normal healthy individual. The presence of gas in the stomach (A), small intestine (C), and transverse colon (D) is expected due to normal digestive processes. Gas in the common bile duct could indicate an abnormality such as a blockage or infection. Therefore, the absence of gas in the common bile duct on an X-ray of a normal healthy man is expected.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: pyloric stenosis. This condition typically presents at 2-4 weeks of age and is more common in males. The rationale behind this is that pyloric stenosis is the narrowing of the passage between the stomach and small intestine, leading to projectile vomiting after feeding, which becomes apparent around 2-4 weeks of age. Intestinal atresia, Meckel's diverticulum, and Hirschsprung's disease do not typically present with symptoms at this specific age range and do not have a strong male preponderance as seen in pyloric stenosis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: esophagus. Esophageal carcinoma has the worst prognosis due to its aggressive nature, late presentation, and tendency for metastasis. The esophagus is a narrow tube that can easily obstruct, leading to difficulty swallowing and delayed diagnosis. Stomach, small intestine, and colon carcinomas generally have better prognoses compared to esophageal carcinoma due to earlier detection and treatment options.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Low blood glucose is a feature after removal of the pancreas. The pancreas is an important organ that produces insulin to regulate blood glucose levels. After pancreas removal, insulin production is disrupted, leading to high blood glucose. This causes symptoms of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. Choice A is incorrect as the pancreas is not an endocrine gland that secretes heparin; it is actually an endocrine gland that secretes insulin and glucagon. Choice B is also incorrect as high blood glucose, not low blood glucose, is a feature after pancreatic removal. Choice D is incorrect because only choice C is accurate.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Bile is produced by the liver. Step 2: The liver synthesizes bile which is then stored and concentrated in the gallbladder. Step 3: When needed for digestion, bile is released from the gallbladder into the small intestine. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is B (Liver). Summary: - A (Gallbladder): Stores and concentrates bile but does not produce it. - C (Pancreas): Produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate, not bile. - D (Hepatic Ducts): Carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder, do not produce bile.