A person who feels unattractive repeatedly says, "Although I'm not beautiful, I am smart." This is an example of

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: compensation. In this scenario, the person is compensating for feelings of unattractiveness by emphasizing their intelligence. This defense mechanism aims to balance out perceived shortcomings in one area by highlighting strengths in another. Repression (A) involves unconsciously pushing thoughts or memories out of awareness. Devaluation (B) is reducing the importance or value of oneself or others. Identification (C) is adopting characteristics of another person or group. In this case, the person is not identifying with anyone but rather compensating for perceived inadequacies.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Permit the patient to gather his or her thoughts. Silence in communication allows the patient time to organize their thoughts and feelings before responding. This can lead to more meaningful and introspective dialogue. Choice A is incorrect because silence is not primarily used for the nurse to determine a response, but rather to facilitate patient expression. Choice C is incorrect as silence is meant to encourage patient self-reflection, not the nurse's. Choice D is incorrect as passive listening involves more than just remaining silent, it also requires attentiveness and nonverbal cues.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Psychoeducation. In an anger management group, the focus is on providing information and teaching strategies to help individuals understand and manage their anger effectively. This aligns with the concept of psychoeducation, which aims to educate individuals about their condition and equip them with skills to cope with it. A: Psychotherapy typically involves more in-depth exploration of underlying issues and emotions, which may not be the primary focus in an anger management group. B: Self-help usually refers to individuals independently seeking resources or support outside of a structured group setting. D: Supportive therapy focuses on providing emotional support rather than specific education or skill-building related to anger management.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because older adults are more likely to experience adverse reactions due to physiological changes that affect drug metabolism and elimination. Aging can lead to decreased organ function, altered drug distribution, and increased sensitivity to medications. This increased risk for adverse reactions is a key consideration when discussing polypharmacy in older adults. Choice A is incorrect because the focus is on drug abuse, which is not the main concern when discussing polypharmacy in older adults. Choice C is incorrect because medications are typically started at lower doses and adjusted as needed to minimize adverse effects. Choice D is incorrect because age-related pharmacokinetic changes can actually reduce drug effectiveness or increase the risk of toxicity, rather than enhance therapeutic effectiveness.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Choice A is incorrect because signing the commitment to treatment statement does not guarantee that the patient will not commit suicide. The correct answer is D, as it aligns with the purpose of the commitment statement, which is to agree to participate in necessary treatment. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on emergency treatment only. Choice C is incorrect as it does not address the commitment to treatment itself. Therefore, the patient needs additional instruction to understand the purpose of the commitment statement is to participate in necessary treatment, not to prevent suicide.