ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A person is prescribed sertraline 100 mg PO daily. Which change in sleep is likely secondary to this medication? The patient will have
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: less REM sleep. Sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), can suppress REM sleep. Serotonin inhibits REM sleep, and by blocking its reuptake, sertraline can reduce REM sleep duration. This medication is known to increase sleep continuity and reduce awakenings, leading to less REM sleep. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because sertraline does not directly affect dreaming, excessive sleepiness, or slow-wave sleep.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse who works night shift says, I am exhausted most of the time. I sleep through my alarm. Sometimes my brain does not seem to work right. I am worried that I might make a practice error. Which question should the nursing supervisor ask first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct question to ask first is B: "How much sleep do you get in a 24-hour period?" This is because the nurse is experiencing symptoms of fatigue and sleep deprivation, which can significantly impact their performance and patient safety. By understanding the nurse's sleep patterns, the nursing supervisor can assess the root cause of the issue and provide appropriate interventions such as adjusting the work schedule or promoting better sleep hygiene. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the primary concern of sleep deprivation. Asking about stress levels (A) may be relevant but addressing sleep should take precedence. Suggesting exercises before bed (C) or hypnotic medication (D) overlook the importance of understanding the nurse's current sleep habits and patterns.
Question 3 of 5
A patient says, I have trouble falling asleep at night and might lie awake until 3 or 4 AM before falling sleep. Which medication would the nurse expect a health care provider to prescribe for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: zolpidem. Zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic medication commonly prescribed for insomnia. It acts quickly to help initiate sleep and is suitable for short-term use. It is not associated with significant next-day drowsiness. Flurazepam (B) is a long-acting benzodiazepine used for insomnia but can cause residual sedation. Risperidone (C) is an antipsychotic used for psychiatric conditions, not primary insomnia. Methylphenidate (D) is a stimulant used for ADHD, which would worsen sleep issues.
Question 4 of 5
A new patient at the sleep disorders clinic tells the nurse, I have not slept well in a year, so I never feel good. I do not expect things will ever improve or be any different. Interventions the nurse should consider include (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: providing instruction in relaxation techniques. This is the most appropriate intervention because teaching relaxation techniques can help the patient manage stress and anxiety, which are common contributors to sleep disturbances. By learning to relax, the patient may improve their ability to fall asleep and stay asleep. Choice A is incorrect because suggesting the use of alcohol as a sedative can lead to dependence, disrupt sleep patterns, and worsen the patient's overall health. Choice C is incorrect because while addressing cognitive distortions may be beneficial, it is not the most immediate intervention for improving sleep quality. Choice D is incorrect because providing health teaching on factors that influence sleep is important, but focusing solely on this aspect may not directly address the patient's immediate need for better sleep.
Question 5 of 5
An adolescent was arrested for prostitution and assault on a parent. The adolescent says, 'I hate my parents. They focus all attention on my brother, who's perfect in their eyes.' Which type of therapy might promote the greatest change in the adolescent's behavior?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Family therapy. Family therapy is the most appropriate type of therapy as it focuses on addressing the family dynamics and communication patterns that may contribute to the adolescent's behavior. By involving the entire family in therapy sessions, underlying issues can be identified and resolved, leading to positive changes in the adolescent's behavior. B: Bibliotherapy involves the use of books to help individuals understand and cope with their emotions. While it may be beneficial for the adolescent to explore their feelings, it may not directly address the family issues contributing to their behavior. C: Play therapy utilizes play to help children express their thoughts and emotions. While it can be helpful for younger children, it may not be as effective for addressing the complex family dynamics influencing the adolescent's behavior. D: Art therapy involves the use of art to help individuals express themselves. While it can be a valuable form of self-expression, it may not target the underlying family problems that need to be addressed for significant behavior change.