ATI RN
NCLEX Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A persistent, productive cough with bloody sputum (hemoptysis) is a common symptom of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tuberculosis. Hemoptysis is a hallmark symptom of tuberculosis due to the erosion of blood vessels in the lungs by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. The persistent cough in tuberculosis is often productive and accompanied by bloody sputum. Emphysema (A) is characterized by shortness of breath and wheezing, not hemoptysis. Cystic fibrosis (B) presents with thick mucus production, not bloody sputum. Sinusitis (C) typically causes nasal congestion and facial pain, not hemoptysis.
Question 2 of 5
Surface tension of the alveolar fluid is reduced by the presence of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Surface tension in alveolar fluid is reduced by surfactant, a substance that lowers the surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli. This helps prevent alveolar collapse during expiration. Mucus (A) and sebum (B) do not play a role in reducing surface tension in the alveoli. Water (D) is a component of alveolar fluid but does not specifically reduce surface tension like surfactant does.
Question 3 of 5
Adam's Apple corresponds to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Adam's Apple corresponds to the larynx. The larynx houses the vocal cords and plays a key role in producing sound. The prominent cartilage in the front of the larynx is what forms the Adam's Apple. The epiglottis (A) covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway. The trachea (B) is the windpipe that carries air to and from the lungs. The thyroid (D) is a gland located in the neck that produces hormones regulating metabolism. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it directly relates to the anatomical structure of the Adam's Apple.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following prevents collapsing of trachea
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cartilaginous rings. Cartilaginous rings in the trachea provide structural support and prevent collapsing of the trachea during breathing. They maintain the shape of the trachea, ensuring that air can flow freely into the lungs. Muscles (choice A) are not directly responsible for preventing tracheal collapse. While the diaphragm (choice B) plays a crucial role in breathing, it does not specifically prevent tracheal collapse. Ribs (choice C) protect the thoracic organs but do not have a direct role in preventing tracheal collapse.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who received benzocaine spray prior to a recent bronchoscopy. The client presents with continuous cyanosis even with oxygen therapy. What action would the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Notify the Rapid Response Team. The client's continuous cyanosis despite oxygen therapy indicates a serious respiratory distress requiring immediate intervention. The Rapid Response Team is equipped to assess and manage such critical situations promptly. Administering albuterol (A) is not appropriate without further assessment. Assessing peripheral pulses (C) may not address the underlying cause of cyanosis. Obtaining blood and sputum cultures (D) is important for infection control but not the priority in this acute situation.