ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A peristaltic rush which results in a failure to absorb enough colon water results in _____.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: diarrhea. A peristaltic rush causes rapid movement of contents through the intestines, leading to decreased absorption time in the colon. This results in excess water in the stool, leading to watery and loose bowel movements, which is characteristic of diarrhea. Constipation (A) is the opposite, with slow movement and difficulty passing stool. Cramps (C) may occur due to increased muscle contractions but are not directly related to water absorption. Flatus (D) is the passage of gas and not related to water absorption in the colon.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Elevating the head of the bed helps prevent acid reflux by keeping the stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus while sleeping. This position helps gravity keep the acid in the stomach. Choice A is incorrect because certain foods can indeed trigger or worsen GERD symptoms. Choice B is incorrect as sleeping on the left side may worsen symptoms due to the position of the stomach. Choice C is incorrect as eating right before bed can increase the risk of acid reflux.
Question 3 of 5
Jason, a 22 y.o. accident victim, requires an NG tube for feeding. What should you immediately do after inserting an NG tube for liquid enteral feedings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because aspirating for gastric secretions ensures proper tube placement in the stomach, reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonia. Choice B is irrelevant and doesn't address the immediate post-insertion step. Choice C is incorrect as starting feeding immediately can lead to complications if the tube is not in the correct position. Choice D is incorrect as X-ray verification is not needed immediately after insertion.
Question 4 of 5
Stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system will cause which one of the following effects in the inferior esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: decreases peristalsis by inhibition of smooth muscle. The sympathetic nervous system inhibits gastrointestinal motility by decreasing peristalsis. This is achieved through the release of norepinephrine, which binds to adrenergic receptors on smooth muscle cells, leading to reduced contraction and motility. Choices A and B are incorrect because the sympathetic nervous system can still affect smooth muscle, not just skeletal muscle. Choice D is incorrect because sympathetic stimulation does not directly increase peristalsis.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following ligaments attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: falciform ligament. The falciform ligament attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and separates the right and left lobes of the liver. It is a broad, thin ligament that resembles a sickle. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The coronary ligament attaches the liver to the diaphragm, not the abdominal wall. C: The quadrate ligament attaches the liver to the gallbladder and the lesser curvature of the stomach. D: The caudate ligament attaches the liver to the diaphragm and is not directly related to the abdominal wall attachment.