A period of mourning in which the dying person or the family is expecting death is called

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Anticipatory grief. This term refers to the period of mourning before an expected death. It allows individuals to begin the grieving process while the person is still alive. Reactive grief (A) occurs after a loss has already happened. Emotional grief (B) is a vague term and does not specifically address the timing of the mourning period. Actualized grief (D) is not a recognized term in the context of grieving processes. In summary, C is the correct answer because it accurately describes the period of mourning before an expected death, distinguishing it from the other choices.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Nurse-patient relationships are facilitated. This is because assisting with bathing is a fundamental aspect of nursing care that goes beyond just physical hygiene. Bathing provides an opportunity for the nurse to establish trust, enhance communication, and build a therapeutic relationship with the patient. It allows the nurse to demonstrate empathy, respect, and attentiveness to the patient's needs, which are essential components of patient-centered care. By engaging in the intimate task of bathing, the nurse can address not only the physical needs of the patient but also their emotional well-being, leading to a deeper connection and trust between the nurse and the patient. Option A) The patient sees professional staff: While it is important for patients to interact with professional healthcare providers, simply seeing professional staff does not necessarily translate to building a strong nurse-patient relationship. Patients benefit more from the actual interaction and care provided by the nurse during bathing. Option B) The nurse improves technical skills: While assisting with bathing may involve technical skills, the primary focus should be on the therapeutic relationship and patient-centered care rather than solely on skill improvement. Technical skills are important but secondary to the holistic care provided during bathing. Option C) Staff-nurse relationships are more collegial: While fostering collegial relationships among staff members is important for a positive work environment, the key focus during patient care, such as bathing, should be on enhancing the nurse-patient relationship rather than staff-staff relationships. In an educational context, understanding the significance of tasks like assisting with bathing in fostering nurse-patient relationships is crucial for nursing students and healthcare professionals. By recognizing the holistic nature of patient care and the importance of building trust and communication, nurses can deliver more effective and compassionate care. This rationale emphasizes the humanistic aspect of nursing practice and reinforces the importance of establishing meaningful connections with patients beyond just technical skills.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) isotonic. Isotonic exercise involves muscle contraction with movement against a constant load. In the case of walking, the individual is continuously moving their muscles while walking the 2 miles each day, which is a form of isotonic exercise. Option B) isometric exercise involves muscle contraction without movement. This type of exercise would be more like holding a plank position where the muscles are contracted but not lengthening or shortening. Option C) isokinetic exercise involves muscle contraction at a constant speed. This is typically achieved with specialized equipment that provides resistance through the full range of motion at a set speed, which is not relevant to the scenario of walking. Option D) isostretching is not a recognized type of exercise. Stretching exercises focus on improving flexibility and range of motion, rather than muscle contraction and movement against resistance. Educationally, understanding the different types of exercises is important for designing effective workout routines and promoting overall fitness and health. Knowing the difference between isotonic, isometric, isokinetic, and stretching exercises can help individuals tailor their exercise regimens to achieve specific fitness goals and prevent injuries. Walking being classified as isotonic helps individuals recognize the benefits of this activity in improving cardiovascular health, muscle strength, and overall well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is option A) diminished kidney ability to concentrate urine. Normal aging leads to structural and functional changes in the kidneys, resulting in decreased ability to concentrate urine. This change contributes to an increase in nocturia, which is the need to wake up and void multiple times during the night. As individuals age, the nephrons in the kidneys decrease in number and efficiency, leading to a reduced ability to concentrate urine and retain fluid. This physiological change explains why older adults may experience increased nocturia. Option B) increased bladder muscle tone causing urinary frequency is incorrect because increased bladder muscle tone would more likely result in urinary urgency or overactive bladder, rather than nocturia specifically. Option C) increased bladder contractility causing urinary stasis is incorrect because increased bladder contractility would lead to improved bladder emptying rather than urinary stasis, which refers to stagnant urine in the bladder. Option D) decreased intake of fluids during daytime hours is incorrect because reduced fluid intake during the day would lead to decreased urine production and less nocturia, rather than the increased nocturia seen in this scenario. Understanding the physiological changes associated with aging is crucial in healthcare, especially when caring for older adults in settings like long-term care facilities. Educating healthcare providers about these age-related changes can help in developing appropriate care plans and interventions to address common issues such as nocturia and promote patient safety and well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer, option C, "This is normal when a child this age is hospitalized," is the most appropriate response for the nurse to provide to the parents. In this situation, it is crucial for the nurse to reassure the parents that the toddler's incontinent stools are a common response to the stress of hospitalization. By explaining that regression in bowel control is a normal reaction in toddlers when faced with the unfamiliar environment and routines of a hospital, the nurse can help alleviate the parents' concerns and reduce their anxiety. Option A, "When he does this, scold him and he will quit," is incorrect and inappropriate. Scolding the child for something that is likely beyond his control can lead to feelings of shame, guilt, and anxiety, which can further exacerbate the issue and hinder the child's emotional well-being. Option B, "I don't understand why this child is losing control," is incorrect because it does not address the underlying cause of the behavior. It is essential for the nurse to provide a supportive and empathetic response that acknowledges the child's emotional distress and helps the parents understand the situation better. Option D, "I will have to call the doctor and report this behavior," is not the best course of action at this point. While it is important to keep the healthcare team informed about any changes in the child's condition, in this scenario, the nurse should first focus on providing education and support to the parents to help them understand and cope with the toddler's behavior. From an educational perspective, this question highlights the importance of understanding child development and the impact of hospitalization on young children. It emphasizes the nurse's role in providing family-centered care, offering emotional support, and promoting effective communication with parents to address their concerns and enhance their understanding of their child's behavior in a healthcare setting.