ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse how metformin decreases blood sugar. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin primarily works by decreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. It does not increase insulin resistance (B), block carbohydrate absorption (C), or stimulate insulin release (D). These mechanisms help lower blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Question 2 of 5
A 52-year-old man who works as an air traffic controller has seasonal allergies. Currently, he is very symptomatic but cannot miss work because of staffing issues. Which of the following agents would be best suited for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An air traffic controller needs a non-sedating allergy treatment. Fexofenadine , a second-generation antihistamine, avoids drowsiness. Chlorpheniramine , Diphenhydramine , and Doxylamine sedate. Hydroxylamine (E) isn't a drug. Fexofenadine ensures safety and efficacy for his job.
Question 3 of 5
All benzodiazepines reduce _____ and produce ______.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Benzodiazepines are a class of psychoactive drugs that primarily work by enhancing the effect of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces the activity of nerve cells, resulting in a calming effect on the central nervous system. By increasing GABA activity, benzodiazepines help reduce feelings of anxiety and produce sedation or relaxation. This is why the correct answer is that all benzodiazepines reduce anxiety and produce sedation.
Question 4 of 5
What is the peak range of regular insulin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The peak range of regular insulin typically occurs between 1 to 5 hours after administration. This means that regular insulin will reach its maximum effectiveness in lowering blood sugar levels during this time frame. Patients should be aware of this peak range to help manage their diabetes effectively and time their meals and activities accordingly.
Question 5 of 5
Which symptoms experienced over 1 month would be most helpful to diagnose bipolar disorder?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bipolar disorder's mania includes increased goal-directed activity, talkativeness, and distractibility-per DSM-5-over a month with depression cycles. Sleep/death/hallucinations lean psychotic. Delusions/fatigue suggest schizophrenia or depression. Eating/despair/ideas mix symptoms. Manic traits diagnose, per criteria.