A patient with severe infectious disease is being treated with aminoglycoside antibiotics. Which of the following diuretic should be avoided for this patient because of the serious side effect shared by both drugs?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Furosemide. Aminoglycoside antibiotics can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, also has the potential to cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Therefore, combining aminoglycosides with furosemide can increase the risk of these serious side effects. B: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that does not share the same severe side effects as aminoglycosides. C: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and does not have the same side effects as aminoglycosides. D: Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor diuretic and does not share the same severe side effects as aminoglycosides.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choosing option D: 1. Instruct the client to maintain limited physical activity to prevent contamination of the urine sample. 2. Physical activity can introduce bacteria from sweat or skin into the specimen, leading to inaccurate results. 3. By limiting physical activity, the client can ensure a clean-catch midstream urine sample for accurate testing. 4. Increasing fluid intake (option A), refraining from nephrotoxic drugs (option B), and taking sedative medications (option C) are not directly related to obtaining a clean-catch midstream urine specimen.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Renal failure is a condition where the kidneys are unable to adequately filter waste from the blood. 2. Dialysis is a treatment used to perform the functions of the kidneys in patients with renal failure. 3. Dialysis helps remove excess waste, fluids, and toxins from the blood, maintaining proper electrolyte balance. 4. Patients with acute glomerulonephritis, nephrolithiasis, and pyelonephritis may not require dialysis as their conditions do not directly affect kidney function to the extent that renal failure does. Summary: - A: Acute glomerulonephritis does not always lead to renal failure requiring dialysis. - C: Nephrolithiasis is the formation of kidney stones and may not always require dialysis. - D: Pyelonephritis is a kidney infection and may not necessarily lead to renal failure requiring dialysis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the patient with kidney stones requiring lithotripsy would benefit from the LPN/LVN's care. This task involves monitoring the patient's vital signs, providing pre and post-procedure care, and ensuring patient comfort. The LPN/LVN is trained to perform these duties safely. Choice A is incorrect as the patient with cystitis on oral antibiotics can be managed by a nursing assistant under supervision. Choice C is incorrect because bladder training for urinary incontinence typically requires the skills of an RN due to the complexity of the intervention. Choice D is incorrect as the patient with pyelonephritis and severe flank pain requires immediate assessment and intervention by an RN due to the severity of the condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Taking medication with meals can help to prevent stomach ulcers by reducing the direct contact of the medication with the stomach lining. Food acts as a buffer, decreasing the likelihood of irritation or ulcer formation. The other choices are incorrect because B: FALSE implies the opposite, C: Maybe lacks a clear stance, and D: Not mentioned does not provide any useful information to answer the question definitively.