A patient with severe burn injuries to the abdomen and legs becomes combative when it is time to change the dressings. What nursing intervention will be most helpful to this patient?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because premedicating the patient with pain and anxiety medications before the dressing change can help decrease their discomfort and anxiety, making the process more tolerable. This intervention promotes patient comfort and cooperation, ensuring a successful and safe dressing change. Allowing the patient to determine the time of dressing change (A) may not address the underlying issue of anxiety and may lead to delays in care. Telling the patient it is okay to cry during the dressing change (C) does not actively address the patient's discomfort and may not be sufficient in managing their distress. Explaining the importance of dressing changes (D) may be helpful in some situations but may not directly address the patient's immediate need for pain and anxiety relief during the procedure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A (Highly contagious) Rationale: 1. Scabies is a highly contagious skin infestation caused by mites. 2. Understanding its contagious nature is crucial to prevent spread. 3. Isolation precautions and treatment of close contacts are essential. 4. Recognizing and addressing the contagious aspect is key in planning care. Summary: B: Scabies is caused by mites, not a fungus. C: Scabies is an acute condition with intense itching, not chronic. D: Scabies is not typically associated with other allergies.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Perspiration is the correct answer as it helps to cool the body through evaporation, restoring normal body temperature. When the body temperature is elevated, sweat glands release sweat which evaporates, taking away heat from the body. Hypoventilation reduces oxygen intake, shivering generates heat, and piloerection (goosebumps) traps air to insulate the body, all of which do not directly help in cooling the body.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mitochondria. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell and generate ATP through cellular respiration. They contain specialized structures like the electron transport chain and ATP synthase which are involved in ATP production. Centrioles (A) are involved in cell division, lysosomes (C) contain digestive enzymes, and Golgi complex (D) is responsible for processing and packaging proteins, none of which are directly involved in ATP production.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To protect the skin from UV radiation. Melanin is a pigment produced by melanocytes in the skin that acts as a natural defense mechanism against UV radiation. It absorbs and scatters UV light, preventing damage to the skin cells and reducing the risk of skin cancer. Choices B and C are incorrect because while melanin does contribute to skin color, its primary function is UV protection. It also does not directly regulate body temperature. Choice D is incorrect as melanin does not regulate body temperature.